346 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



blossom blight was very common on the pear trees in the same orchard and 

 twig blight was also conspicuous. An examination of wild crab and haw trees 

 in the vicinity revealed the presence of a large percentage of blighted flower 

 clusters. This was particularly true of CniUegus crus-galli. 



As an explanation of the unusual outbreak of blossom blight it is suggested 

 that the absence of severe cold weather may have favored the survival of the 

 blight bacteria in cankers. The trees did not come into bloom until two weeks 

 later than usual. At this time insects were much more abundant than usual 

 and may have served as carriers for the bacteria. 



Collar blight of apple trees in Pennsylvania, C. R. Obton and J. F. Adams 

 (A&s. in Phytopathology, 4 (1914), No. 1, p. ^3). — Collar blight or collar rot, 

 as the disease is said to be locally known, was first reported in Pennsylvania 

 in May, 1907. Since that time it has spread rapidly throughout the State as 

 well as in neighboring States and is considered one of the most serious apple 

 diseases with which the orchardist has to contend. The disease appears distinct 

 from the crown rot in New York, which is due to winter injury. It is considered 

 definitely established that the trouble is due to Bacillus amylovorus, and the 

 apple tree borer is considered one of the most active agents in the spread of 

 the causal organism. 



The use of sulphur-lime wash, as a remedy for apple scab, R. K. Beattie 

 (Ahs. in Phytopathology, 4 (1914), No. 1, p. 42)- — ^^ resume is given of 5 years' 

 spraying experiments at the Washington Experiment Station, in which an at- 

 tempt was made to overcome the injury following the use of Bordeaux mixture. 

 This, it is said, was secured by the use of lime-sulphur. Experiments showed 

 that if properly applied twice during the season, practically perfect results 

 were given, as high as 99.17 per cent of the fruit being free from scab, while in 

 the unsprayed check not more than 6 per cent of the fruit was unaffected. 

 Attention is called to the necessity for thoroughness in spraying and the value 

 of spraying under heavy pressure for attaining the best results. 



Control of Cronartium rust on currants, R. Ewert {Ztschr. Pflanzenkrank., 

 23 {1913), No. 8, pp. 463-416, figs. 2).— Experiments in 1912 and 1913 are 

 described. It is claimed that while the black currant is ordinarily infected 

 almost exclusively from below, a slight benefit appears to be derived from 

 spraying the upper leaf surface with Bordeaux mixture of 1 per cent strength. 



Control of Cronartium rust on currants, R. Ewert (Jahresber. Ver. Angew. 

 Bot., 11 {1913), pt. 1, pp. 30, 31). — This gives in condensed form the substance 

 of the article above noted. 



Practical formulas for the treatment of grape anthracnose, L. Dbx5RULLY 

 {Prog. Agr. et Vit. {Ed. VEst-Centre), 35 {1914), No. 2, pp. 33-38, fig. l).—lt is 

 claimed that a spray containing 8 parts of sulphuric acid and from 10 to 15 of 

 iron sulphate to 100 of water is more adherent and therefore more lasting m its 

 effects than those of the more common composition. 



Peronospora disease of grapevines and its control, K. MtiLLEB {Grossh. 

 Bad. Landw. Vers. Anst. Augustenl). FlngU. 1 {1913), pp. 12, figs. 5; in Ber. 

 Grossh. Bad. Landw. Vers. Anst. Augustenb., 1912). — An illustrated description 

 is given of P. {Plasmopara) viticola in relation to leaves, blooms, and berries 

 in connection with other grape diseases or influences producing results some- 

 what resembling those of this parasite. The history of its development is 

 traced in relation to weather and to effects on the vine stock. Protective meas- 

 ures are discussed, including control of general culture conditions and sprays 

 with their effect on the crop and stock. 



Studies with. Plasmopara viticola on grapevines, G. von Istvanffi and G. 

 P^ixiNKls {Ztschr. Pflanzenkrank., 23 {1913), No. 8, pp. 449-463) .—This con- 

 tribution is in the form of a report on about 70 investigations with discussion 



