380 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



verted into peptone for the optical metliod, tlie results slinwed positive for the 

 pulmonary cases and negative for the miliary cases. The reaction in its pres- 

 ent stage is not entirely reliable, especially as 10 sera out of 50 from normal 

 animals gave positive tests. 



Peptone was also prepared from glanders bacillus and then mixed with the 

 sera of sound and glandered horses. The optical methods showed cleavage 

 with the glandered sera. 



Some remarks about Carl Spengler's frag'ment sputa, F. Maffi {Centhl. 

 Bakt. [etc.], 1. Am., Orig., 69 {1913), No. 7, p. 555, pi. i).— This short article is 

 accompanied by a plate showing microscopical preparations of the so-called frag- 

 ment (Splitter) sputa organisms which are found in the sputum of tuberculous 

 subjects. In only one instance were fragmentary, granular, and normal forms 

 of bacilli noted at the same time. The investigations are to be continued for 

 the purpose of determining the significance of acid-fast organisms with refer- 

 ence to ordinary bacilli and Much's forms. ..^ 



The production of artificial immunity ag'ainst tuberculosiF; in domestic 

 animals, S. H. Gilliland and C. J. Marshall {Proc. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 

 50 (1913), pp. 719-753). — This is a resume of experiments carried on for several 

 years by the State Live Stock Sanitai-y Board of Pennsylvania, and deals 

 especially with the Pearson method of immunizing against tuberculosis. 3^?^ 



" Intravenous injections of tubercle bacilli from human sources, nonvirulent 

 for cattle, are capable of conferring an immunity in cattle against tubercu- 

 losis sufficient to withstand natural infection by association with tubercular 

 cows. The length of the immunity has not been determined accurately, though 

 it is believed to diminish gradually after 2^ years. It is necessary that the 

 {inimals, during the period of vaccination and for at least 8 weeks following 

 the last vaccination, be kept in a manner that they are in no way exposed to 

 tubercular infection. .- -..^^v^ ■ ... .] 



" The normal resistance of the animal is apparently lowered during the 

 period of vaccination. The number of vaccinations and the amount of vaccine 

 iidministered have a direct relation to the degi-ee of immunity conferred. The 

 interval between vaccinations should be of sufficient length to allow the reaction 

 following the previous vaccination to subside entirely. 



" The results of the experiments lead us to be hoi)eful that the day may come 

 when animals can be immunized against tuberculosis in common practice. 

 Until further knowledge is obtained in regard to the destruction or outcome of 

 the living tubercle bacilli injected in the animal with the vaccine, no practical 

 method for the immunization of animals under ordinary conditions can be 

 advocated." 



See also other notes (E. S. E., 25, p. 2SS). 



Control of tuberculosis in Minnesota pure- bred herds, S. H. W.4.BD (Proc. 

 Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 50 (1913), pp. S24-S30). — Previously noted from another 

 source (E. S. R., 29, p. 500). 



Some aspects of the tuberculosis problem, M. P. Ravenel (Proc Amer. Vet. 

 Med. Assoc, 50 (1913), pp. 88-98). — Previously noted from another source 

 (E. S. R., 29, p. 499). 



Some common ailments of the horse and cow, C. A. Lueder (W. Va. Farm 

 Bui., 1 (1914), No. 5, pp. 16, figs. 5). — This is a popular account. 



On the value of the " abortin " as a diagnostic agent for infectious abor- 

 tion in cattle, K. F. jMeyer and J. B. Hardenbergh (Jour. Infect. Diseases, IS 

 (1913), No. 3, pp. 351-374, figs. 5; Proc Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 50 (1913), pp. 

 S62-876). — "The serum tests, agglutination and complement fixation, are the 

 most reliable methods to determine the existence of infectious abortion in a 

 herd and to detect the bovines which are or have been infected with Bacillus 



