FIELD CROPS. 429 



the study of the effect of the mauurial treatments in connection with irriga- 

 tion on the different parts of the plant, it is noted that " the average result* 

 for three years show that the relative amount of stover gradually increased witli 

 the moisture. There was, however, a very slight falling off when 40 in. of 

 .vater were used." 



In regard to the ratio of grain to cob it was found that " the water applied 

 did not affect the ratio of grain to stover as much as did the manure. On the 

 average the proportion of grain to cob was increased by manure. An increase 

 is also noted with the application of more water, but the difference is slight. 

 The season seems to "be the chief factor affecting the ratio." Data show that 

 " the irrigation water did not have any consistent effect on the weight of 1,000 

 kernels from year to year, but manure increased the weight of kernels in every 

 case. One year's test on the weight of a measured bushel of grain sliowed 

 it to be heaviest with a medium amount of water. The grain on manured plats 

 was heavier than on the unmanured, and 5 tons of manure gave slightly 

 heavier grain than 15 tons. . . . 



"As an average of the three years, the greatest yield [of leaves] per plat was 

 secured when 20 in. of water were applied. In 1912, however, the highest 

 yield was secured with 30 in. The effect of the manure was more marked on 

 the yield of loaves than it was on the yield of total stover or of grain. About 

 twice as many leaves were produced on plats with 15 tons of manure to the acre- 

 as on the unmanured plats." Data also show the effects of the treatments of 

 manure and water on yield of stalks, husks, and cobs, which do not seem to be- 

 very marked, especially in regard to water. 



" Large amounts of irrigation water cause the corn to have relatively less 

 grain, cobs, and leaves, and more husks and stalks. Manure decreased the per- 

 centage of grain, cobs, and husks in the plant, but increased the percentage of 

 stalks and leaves. Soil treatments affected the branching of the corn tassels in 

 the same manner that they affected the production of ears. The time of ma- 

 turity of corn was delayed by irrigation, but hastened by manure. This is 

 important, since earliness in maturity of corn is very desirable in Utah. The 

 germination of corn was most rapid and complete in a soil containing a medium 

 amount of soil moisture. The number of stomata on a given area of leaf sur- 

 face was increased by a large amount of soil moisture. This probably causes 

 wastefulness in transpiration. The proportion of roots to tops was increased 

 by lowering the soil moisture. When deep rooting is desiretl. overirrigation 

 should, therefore, be avoided." 



Many tabulated data are included. 



Minor dry land crops at the Nephi Experiment Farm, P. V. Cardon ( Utah 

 8ta. Bui. 132 {191 Jf), pp. 349-378, figs. 7).— This bulletin gives results of trials 

 of crops other than cei*eals. 



Both in the production of seed and hay alfalfa planted in hills 18 by 24 in. 

 apart proved very successful, yielding heavier than several other methods tried. 

 An alfalfa nursery, consisting of 48 selections, is under observation. 



Thus far sweet clover and vetch are noted as being of little value under these 

 dry land conditions. Agropyron oceidentalis, Bromus inermis, B. vniloides, and 

 Avena elatior were of little value as forage crops. Work, which is being con- 

 tinued, with grain sorghum, broom corn, and sugar beets has not yet given 

 satisfactory results. 



Drilling corn in rows 3 ft. apart with an ordinary grain drill proved the- 

 most profitable method of planting this crop on heavy lands. Several varieties- 

 of field peas are reported as being satisfactory, yielding from 384 to 737 lbs. of 

 seed per acre. 



