FOODS HUMAN NUTRITION. 465 



of protein in the liver, from liis experiments witli lalwratory animals (mice) 

 and other data the author regards it as certain that the protein content of the 

 liver is much more dependent upon the amount supplied in the diet than is the 

 case with other organs. If it should prove that the protein stored in the liver 

 on a very abundant diet is as quickly used up in subsequent fasting, the stored 

 material can be regarded as a sort of labile protein. The possibility of its being 

 regarded as a i-eserve protein is also suggested. Further work is promised. 



The glycogen content of the liver after feeding protein and protein cleav- 

 age products, A. TscHANNEN {Biochem. Ztschr., 59 (1914), ^'O. 3-4, pp. 202- 

 225). — According to the author, the continued supply of protein cleavage prod- 

 ucts makes entirely different demands on the liver from feeding with native 

 proteids or with a mixed diet. The experiments were made with laboratory 

 animals. 



The cleavage of fatty acids in the animal body, M. Koppel ( Uber den Abbau 

 der Fetfsdnrcn im Tierkorper. Inaug. Diss., Univ. Strasshurfi, 1913; abs. in 

 Zentbl. Biochem. u. Biophys., 16 {1914), No. 11-12, p. 366).— The author has 

 studied the cleavage of saturated aliphatic acids of the acetic acid sei'ies with 

 a view to determining the first step in the oxidation of fatty acids. 



The cleavage of fatty acids in the animal body, L. Hermanns {Biochem. 

 Ztschr., 59 {1914), No. 3-4, pp. 333-336) .—This theoretical discussion of fat 

 cleavage is based upon the author's work and that of others. 



Evidence of fat absorption by the mucosa of the mammalian stomach, 

 C. W. Greene and W. F. Skaer {Amer. Jour. Physiol., 32 {1913), No. 7, pp. 

 358-368). — A series or experiments was made with laboratory animals (puppies 

 and kittens), in which the amount of fat in the superficial gastric epithelium 

 and in the gastric glands at different times was studied with relation to feeding 

 and fasting. The main conclusion drawn, according to the authors, is that 

 " there is a definite cycle of variation in quantity of fat in the gastric mucosa 

 and in the different gastric glands in relation to the time following a meal rich 

 in fats." 



Chemical and morphological investigations on the importance of choles- 

 terol in the organism. — IV, The cholesterol content of the blood of different 

 animals and the influence of cholesterol intake, especially with the food, L. 

 Wacker and W. Hueck {Arch. Expt. Path. u. Pharmakol., 14 {1913), No. 6, pp. 

 416-441; ahs. in Jour. Ghcm. Soc. [Londo7i'\, 106 {1914), No. 615, I. p. 102).— 

 The relationship of free to combined cholesterol varies and is affected by 

 nutrition, muscular work, breathing, and other factors. 



By feeding free cholesterol, the amount in the blood serum was increased and 

 that in the ester form still more increased. The same results were noted when 

 it was administered subcutaneously. The corpuscles, however, were but little 

 affected. In growing animals cholesterol accelerates growth, leading especially 

 to the deposition of fat. Its continued administration leads to disorders of the 

 alimentary canal and to arterial sclerosis. 



The experiments were made with laboratory animals. 



Chemical and morphological investigations on the importance of choles- 

 terol in the organism. — VI, The influence of muscular work on the choles- 

 terol content of the blood and suprarenal bodies, E. Picard {Arch. Expt. 

 Path. u. Pharmakol., 14 {1913), No. 6, pp. 450-46O; abs. in Jour. Chem. Soc. 

 [London'[, 106 {1914), No. 615, I, p. 102).— With rapid muscular work the 

 amount of cholesterol in the cortex was found to increase, while that in the 

 blood fell slightly. 



Muscular work— metabolic study with special reference to the efficiency 

 of the human body as a machine, F. G. Benedict and E. P. Cathcart (Car- 

 negie Inst. Washington Pub. No. 187 (1913), pp. VII +176, pi. 1. figs. 10).— The 



