566 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



being produced now, fundauieutally for the reason that there are more black- 

 tongue genes in the general Jersey population than there were then [1893]." 



Distributing the very small percentage (0.6 per cent) of spotted-tongue indi- 

 viduals found in the 1893 studies equally between the two classes, pigmented 

 and unpigmented, it was found that the ratio of the one to the other was very 

 close to 3 : 1, which suggests a " simple case of Mendelian inheritance, in which 

 pigmented tongue is the dominant character and nonpigmented the recessive." 

 Further studies indicate that " tongue color hereditarily depends upon two sepa- 

 rate factors which show partial coupling on a 3 : 1 : 1 : 3 basis." It is stated that 

 a detailed discussion of the data regarding inheritance of the characters will 

 be published later. 



Calf -rearing experiment, J. A. Voelcker {Roy. Agr. Soc. England, Rpt. 

 Calf-Rearing Expt., 1912-13, pp. 7). — Five lots of four Shorthorn bull calves 

 each, three weeks old, were fed for nine weeks as follows : Lot 1, cod liver oil 

 and separated milk ; lot 2, a proprietary " calf meal " and whole and separated 

 milk; lot 3, gruel (linseed and oatmeal) with separated milk; lot 4, whole milk; 

 and lot 5, crushed oats and separated milk. Lot 1 gained 9.66 lbs. per calf 

 per week at a cost of 3.o3d. per pound gain in live weight; lot 2, 8.66 lbs. at 

 2.77d. ; lot 3, 8.33 lbs. at 3.45d. ; lot 4, 12.83 lbs. at 5.39d. ; and lot 5, 13.3 lbs. at 

 2.52d. 



This experiment was followed with further grain and pasture feeding for 

 seven months in which all calves were fed alike. Those calves which had re- 

 ceived crushed oats and separated milk continued to gain faster than the other 

 lots. It is concluded from this that the influence of early feeding of calves 

 has an Important bearing on their after development and that a good start 

 is very essential. The next best results were obtained from the whole-milk fed 

 calves, which lot had the most " bloom " of any of the lots. The poorest of 

 all was the calf-meal lot. 



The domestic buffalo, L. Gbanato {Bol. Agr. [Sao Patilo], 14. ser., 191S, 

 Nos. S, pp. 471-514, figs. 13; 9, pp. 559-625, figs. 20).— This is a study of the 

 morphological characteristics of the domestic buffalo and a comparison with 

 those of domestic cattle. Items included are cranium measurements, character 

 of tongue, dental system, capacity and character of stomach, duration of di- 

 gestive process, respiratory, circulatory, urinary, and genital systems, and body 

 characteristics. 



Other subjects discussed ai"e the relation of dental system to age, growth 

 and character of horns in relation to age, geogi*aphical distribution, milk and 

 meat production, and the physical and chemical characteristis of buffalo milk. 



Crossing bison and cattle, M. M. Botd (Jour. Heredity, 5 {1914), No. 5, pp. 

 189-197, figs. 6). — The author's experience in crossing bison and cattle indicates 

 that the bison furring characteristics are retained equally well in the one-half, 

 three-eighth, and one-quarter cattalo. It is thought that the one-quarter cattalo 

 has somewhat the best coat of the three. From these observations it is believed 

 that later generations having 10 per cent or less of bison blood will have as 

 good fur as is now seen on the one-half and three-quarter buffaloes. The op- 

 portunities for improving the beef carcass through this cross are also pointed 

 out. 



It is stated that the most remarkable and most disastrous feature of the first 

 cross was the abnormal secretion of the amniotic fluid which was excited with- 

 out exception in every cow, and which proved fatal in a large percentage of 

 cases. However, no trouble has been experienced in the second and third 

 crossings. 



It is concluded that "it does not seem unreasonable, therefore, to suggest 

 that the fur of the bison and his gi-eat back may be carried by means of selec- 



