ANIMAL PEODUCTION. 567 



tion without any diminution tlirough succeeding generations of diminishing 

 bison blood until the coat and hump have been practically taken from the bison 

 and placed upon the back of the domestic ox." 



My experience with bison hybrids, C. Goodnight (Jour. Heredity. 5 (1914), 

 No. 5, pp. 197-199. fig. 1). — The author summarizes his experience in crossing 

 Texas buffaloes with native cattle. 



It is stated that no male calves have been born from the cross; cows con- 

 ceiving them either suffer abortion or die. The heifer hybrids breed readily to 

 either the buffalo or the cattle. When bred to the buffalo, the males, which are 

 three-quarter, are not fertile. The females are perfectly fertile and will breed 

 to either race. They are then bred back to the polled Angus stock from which 

 they came, with resulting males which are fertile and are half-breeds. 



Advantages claimed for these hybrids, or cattaloes, are immunity from 

 diseases, especially Texas blackleg and Texas fever. The cattaloes are much 

 " greater in weight, eat much less, and hold their flesh better under more ad- 

 verse conditions. They will easily cut about 70 per cent net of their gross 

 weight. They have a better meat, clear of fiber, and it never gets tough like 

 beef. They have long and deep backs, enabling them to cut at least 150 lbs. 

 more meat than other cattle. More of them can be grazed on a given area. 

 They do not run from heel flies nor drift in storms, but, like the buffalo, face 

 the blizzards. They rise on their fore feet instead of their hind feet. This 

 enables them to rise when in a weakened condition. They never lie down 

 with their backs downhill, so they are able to rise quickly and easily. This 

 habit is reversed in cattle. . . . 



" The buffaloes have fourteen ribs, giving them a longer and deeper lion. 

 As we get them higher and deeper in the buffalo we get the extra rib on the 

 'cattalo.' They can exist on less feed or salt than cattle. . . . They could do 

 without water much longer than cattle, without Inconvenience. They are docile, 

 easily broken, and never flght. They put on flesh faster than any cattle and 

 will live and appear to do well where cattle will perish." 



Domestic breeds of sheep in America, E. L. Shaw and L. L. Hellee (Z7. 8. 

 Dept. Agr. Bui. 94 {19U), pp. 59, pis. 28, fig. J).— This bulletin gives detailed 

 information as to the origin, adaptability, distribution, and distinguishing 

 characteristics of the various domestic breeds of sheep. Tables showing the 

 probable origin of the breeds of sheep in America, and giving the breeding 

 of grand champions, reserve champions, and winners in the carcass contests at 

 the International Live Stock Exposition, and a short bibliography are appended. 



Caracul sheep farming', M. Kaepov (Agr. Jour. Union So. Africa, 6 (1913), 

 Nos. 5, pp. 760-766; 6, pp. 939-9U; 7 (1914), Nos. 1, pp. 93-95; 2, pp. 199-206; 

 3, pp. 398-407). — This article, which is translated from the Russian, relates to 

 the environments, breed characteristics, and management of this breed of sheep, 

 and to the grades and quality of caracul fur. 



Heredity studies with swine, G. Feolich (Jour. Landw., 61 (1913), No. 3, 

 pp. 217-235, pis. 2). — In reviewing observations made in Germany and the 

 Fnited States on the heredity of coat color in swine, the author concludes that 

 in the Fi generation of crosses the following are dominant : White of improved 

 German swine over white and black of Hanoverians, black of Berkshires, 

 grayish-black of European wild pigs and of Cornwalls, red of Tamworths, or 

 black of Caucasian wild pigs; grayish-black of European wild pigs over red 

 of Tamworths; and black and white or Hampshire over red of Tamworths. 



Carcass tests conducted on Lincoln and Mang'alicza pigs in Hungary, 

 O. Wellmann (Koztelek [Budapest], 23 (1913), No. 97. pp. 3272-3275; ahs. in 

 Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome'i, Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 5 (1914), 

 No. 3, p. 382). — With the purpose of improving the curly coated Mangalicza 



