678 EXPEEIMENT STATION' KECORD. 



companying variatious in sunlight, raiu, and condition of the soil. The amount 

 of shade varied widely, ^^imals became infected in such corrals within one- 

 half hour, 12, and 17.5 hours, respectively, after removal of the sick. 



"Animals infected with rinderpest were shown to be capable of transmitting 

 the disease to susceptible animals by close contact only during the febrile 

 period of the disease, and most certainly during the period in which the tem- 

 perature was declining. The disease was not contracted by susceptible ani- 

 mals when exposed to sick animals during the convalescent stage when the tem- 

 perature was nearly normal. 



" Blood of animals infected with rinderpest was shown in tv/o cases to be in- 

 fected during the height of the febrile period. The virus in urine, diluted with 

 water and sprinkled on grass, was demonstrated to survive for 3G hours in some 

 instances, but not always, and not for a longer i)eriod of time. Feces mixed 

 with water and sprinkled on grass infected an animal 2-1 hours later. Feces 

 and urine diluted with water and kept in a vessel in the shade remained infective 

 for susceptible animals for 36 hours, but no longer. 



" No evidence was secured to show that recovered cases transmit the disease. 

 The foregoing facts indicate that the virus of rinderpest perishes soon after 

 being discharged by the infected animal. Nothing in the foregoing experiments 

 indicates that rinderpest virus is harbored for long periods upon the soil of 

 contaminated areas." 



Lesions of the nervous system in verminous intoxication, A. Rachmanow 

 {Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 28 {IdU), ]s:o. 2, pp. 181-193, pi. 1, figs. 6; ahs. in Amer. 

 Vet. Rev., J/o {1914), No. S, pp. 269-271). — The investigations here reported, 

 which were carried on in the laboratory of "Weinberg (E. S. R., 30. pp. 278, 

 784) at the Pasteur Institute, have led to the following conclusions: 



" The central nervous system of guinea pigs does not always react to ver- 

 minous toxins. Lesions of the nervous system are not found in this animal 

 except when it presented more or less serious clinical sj-mptoms during life. 

 Some individuals may absorb considerable quantities of verminous products 

 without presenting the slightest nervous reaction. 



" The lesions that are observed in the acute and subacute intoxication are 

 of the nerve-cell, the neuroglia cell, and the fiber of the white substance. Be- 

 sides the different degrees of chromatolysis, the nerve-cell often presents a 

 large number of sinuous canals hollowed in the whole thickness or in a part 

 of its protoplasm. In severe cases, Ihe nucleus is displaced toward the pe- 

 ripheiy of the cell and shows a deformed nucleolus. The neurofibrils are pre- 

 served in light forms of intoxication, but In severe cases they disappear. The 

 neuroglia cell offers the various stages of the * amiboid ' transformation ; it 

 keeps its form, but its nucleus becomes pycnotic, or again it takes the aspect 

 of the amiboid cell of Alzheimer. There is also found, especially in cases of 

 chronic intoxication, an abnormal collection of neuroglic elements about some 

 nerve cells (phenomena of neurophagy). In the same conditions the fibers of 

 the white substance are also altered; they are tumefied, but in an irregular 

 manner. 



"The lesions of the brain and spinal cord in verminous anaphylaxy are very 

 small or do not exist, if the guinea pig dies of peracute anaphylactic shock 

 in three to ten minutes. They are, on the contrary, very pronounced if the 

 serious anaphylactic phenomena have lasted for half an hour or longer. They 

 present the same characters in both the subacute or the chronic intoxication. 

 There is nearly always a parallelism between the duration of the grave symp- 

 toms and the intensity of the lesion of the nerve-cell. 



"The lesions of the central nervous system observed in animals anaphylac- 

 tlzed with horse serum are exactly similar to those in animals suffering from 



