HORTICULTUEE. 739 



rape destroyed perennial sow thistle and twitch grass. A method of cropping 

 and cultivation also destroyed and exterminated twitch grass. 



Destruction of chickweed in vineyards, P. Hoc (Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. 

 VEst-Centre), 35 (1914), ^No. ^4, PP- 755-758). — This article records the success- 

 ful treatment of chickweed (Stcllaria intermedia) with a 5 per cent solution 

 of copper sulphate, 5 per cent solution of sulphuric acid, 15 per cent solution 

 of iron sulphate, and dehydrated iron sulphate. The last-named applied at the 

 rate of from 400 to 500 kg. per hectare (350 to 445 lbs. per acre) was excep- 

 tionally efficient. 



Wild garlic and its eradication, F. J. Pipal (Indiana Sta. Bui. 176 (1914), 

 pp. 4S, pis. 8, figs. 17). — This bulletin describes a successful method of eradicat- 

 ing wild garlic (Allium vineale) from large areas by the use of orchard-heating 

 oil, a by-product of the fractional distillation of rock oil. This oil was used as a 

 mist spray at the rate of 75 gal. per acre in the absence of a growing crop, 

 before the plants have begun to form heads (April 15 to May 1 in southern In- 

 diana), and supplemented by cultivation in the fall to sprout the bulbs and 

 grow the tops to the proper size for the spring spraying. The bulletin treats 

 also of the distribution, description, propagation, life history, conditions of 

 growth, and dissemination of wild garlic. 



The cost of the oil Is noted as varying from 2.1 cts. to 6.75 cts. per gallon. Of 

 many sprays and other methods, the above described was the only one that was 

 entirely effective. 



Experiments to destroy the vitality of the garlic bulblets In seed wheat by 

 soaking first in cold water then in hot water at 126 to 129° F. Indicated that a 

 large percentage of the garlic bulblets can be killed in this way. Treating seed 

 wheat with the orchard heating oil and in some cases heating the oil indicated 

 that the treated bulblets can be killed by heating them for three hours at 125" 

 F., but there are difficulties in subsequently drying the grain. 



Wild onion: Methods of eradication, H. R. Cox (U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' 

 Bui. 610 (1914), PP- 8, figs. 7). — This describes this weed and suggests a method 

 of eradication, consisting essentially of a late fall plowing of infested field 

 followed in the spring by a cultivated crop to prevent the wild onion from 

 growing. 



On the destruction of wild mustard, Haag ( Wiirtteml). Wchnil. Landw., No. 

 20 (1914), pp. 326-330).— The use of iron sulphate (800 liters of 20 per cent 

 solution per hectare), calcium cyanamid 150 kg. per hectare, kainit 1,000 kg. per 

 hectare, and a mixture of calcium cyanamid 50 kg. and kainit 500 kg. per hec- 

 tare, is reported as successful in the destruction of wild mustard and related 

 plants In fields of oats, barley, and wheat. It Is noted that the liquids made a 

 more satisfactory material, they being cheaper, easier to apply, and more uni- 

 formly applied than the salts. 



HORTICIILTURE. 



Asparagus culti're and esploitation, H. Miatello (Bol. Min. Agr. [Buenos 

 Aires], 17 (1914), ^o. 5, pp. 520-619, pi. 1, figs. 81). — A treatise on asparagus 

 with reference to its history, botany, culture, exploitation, diseases and insect 

 pests, and uses. A bibliography is appended. 



Five oriental species of beans, C. V. Pipee and W. J. Mobse (U. S. Dept. 

 Agr. Bal. 119 (1914), pp. 32, pis. 7). — In this bulletin the authors describe five 

 annual species of Asiatic beans that at various times have been introduced into 

 the United States but concerning which very little definite information has been 

 published. They are the adsuki bean (Phaseolus angularis), the rice bean (P. 



66492°— No. 8— 14-. 4 



