VETERINARY MEDICINE. 885 



pigs which have, to all appearance, recovered from swine fever remain long 

 infective to other swine, (d) Whether apparently healthy pigs which have 

 been exposed to infection are capable of transmitting the disease as carriers, 

 (e) For what period it would be safe to consider swine which have recovered 

 from swine fever to be iinmime against a further attack, (f) What use, if 

 any, could be made of artificial methods of immunization to expedite the eradi- 

 cation of swine fever? (g) Whether any of the methods which have lately 

 come into use in connection with other diseases could be employed in the 

 diagnosis of nontypical cases of swine fever." 



No experimental data are reported, but certain tentative recommendations 

 are made and the opinions of experts and others interviewed by the committee 

 are included. 



Hog cholera control, G. H. Gloveb (Colorado Sta. Bui. 197 (1914), pp. 3- 

 11). — This popular account includes a discussion of the hog cholera campaign 

 in the San Luis Valley, with a report of work done by the Monte Vista Hog 

 Growers' Association from February 10, 1913, to February 1, 1914. 



The preparation of hog cholera immune serum, A. D. Fitzgerald (Vet. 

 Alumni Quart. [Ohio State Univ.], 1 (1913), No. 1, pp. 5-7).— A short descrip- 

 tion of the preparation and standardization of antihog-cholera serum. 



Preliminary report on the results of the treatment of 140,000 head of 

 swine with serum- virus in Ohio, P. Fischeb (Vet. Alumni Quart. [Ohio State 

 Univ.], 1 (191Ji), No. 3, pp. 6^-67). — The figm-es given are based upon the 

 compiled reports sent in by owners whose herds were treated during a period of 

 two years, ended November 4, 1912. Approximately 2,000 herds of swine in all 

 parts of the State of Ohio and comprising 140,000 animals were treated by 

 official veterinarians, but reports were received for only 1,762 herds containing 

 116,714 hogs. The serum-virus treatment was used only for healthy herds. 



Of the original number of swine in the herds considered (100,773), 11,056 

 had died before treatment was applied. There were left untreated on account 

 of supposed infection 9,850, of which 6,321 died from cholera. Also 21,319 had 

 temperatures ranging from 104 to 108° F., indicating the probable presence of 

 infection at the time of treatment and 10,276 died after treatment. Of 2,816 

 pregnant sows treated, 1,445 were reported as farrowing healthy litters, 473 as 

 having aborted, and 898 sows were not reported. 



Compiled reports for the years 1910-11 and 1911-12 on 526 healthy herds com- 

 prising 39,958 animals show that 26.997 animals, of which 5,920 showed high 

 temperatures indicating possible infection, received serum-virus treatment; 9 

 animals received serum-alone treatment ; and 14,204 animals were left untreated 

 on account of previous treatment or because they were ready for market or for 

 experimental observation. Of the treated pigs 12 were reported by the owners 

 as having died from what they believed might have been cholera. Six hundred 

 and sixteen apparently healthy pregnant sows were included among the treated 

 animals in the healthy herds, and of these 459 sows were reix)rted as having 

 farrowed healthy litters, 104 were not reported, and 53 sows were reported as 

 having aborted. 



These figures show that the danger from serum treatment, so far as caus- 

 ing abortion is concerned, is not serious. 



" Since 1908 about 250,000 head of swine have been treated with protective 

 serum (serum alone or serum and virus) under the direction of the state 

 veterinarian with serum prepared in the laboratories of the State Serum 

 Institute." 



The results seem to indicate that where the serum-virus method was used in 

 healthy swine, practically perfect results were obtained. 



