AGEICULTURAL EDUCATION. 897 



outlines briefly three courses in nature study offered by tlie School of Educa- 

 tion of the University of Utah, one of which is required of all regular normal 

 students. Primary and kindergarten students take the course that deals pri- 

 marily with trees, the forest, and forest life, intermediate grade teachers the 

 course that deals with the local weeds, minerals, and the native bird life of the 

 Rocky Mountains, and those aiming to teach in higher grades study insect life 

 in the fall, rocks and soils in the winter, and plant life in the spring. Each 

 course bears three hours of college credit, or four hours if the laboratory work 

 is taken. 



[Reports of the general committee and subcommittees on horticultural 

 courses] {Proc. Soc. Hort. Sci., 10 {1913), pp. 47-63). — In these reports three 

 fundamental principles underlying the permanent improvement of horticultural 

 teaching and a course in pomology are outlined by O. G. Woodbury, chairman 

 of the general committee on horticulture and of the subcommittee on pomology. 



J. W. Lloyd, chairman of the subcommittee on olericulture, reports that if 

 anything like uniformity in instruction in vegetable growing is to be estab- 

 lished in the agricultural colleges of this country, the first step must be an 

 attempt to unify the scope, method, and thoroughness of instruction given in 

 the courses already offered in common by a number of institutions rather than 

 to bring about a similarity in the number of courses. It is recommended that 

 not more than two courses in vegetable gardening be adopted by all the col- 

 leges at the present time, viz, a general elementary course at present offered 

 in some form by 3.5 different institutions, and a more advanced course dealing 

 specially with the commercial phases of vegetable production and distribution. 

 Courses in vegetable growing are outlined. 



A. C. Beal, chairman of the subcommittee on floriculture, gives a brief state- 

 ment of the present status of instruction in floriculture in this country and 

 recommends that the professional courses be preceded and founded upon 

 thorough courses in the histology and morphology of plants, plant physiology, 

 chemistry, soils, and fertilizers (plant pathology and economic entomology 

 also being important subjects) ; that a range of glass of the commercial type 

 is necessary as well as a man having good practical experience with the 

 ability to teach; and that in the absence of suitable text-books the lecture 

 method of presentation of the various subjects in commercial floriculture, 

 with extensive reference reading and thoroughly practical and definitely 

 planned laboratory work to supplement the lectures, be utilized. 



The problem, of coordinating secondary school and college courses in 

 horticulture, W. J. Weight (Proc. Soc. Hort. Sci., 10 {1913), pp. 9-13). — The 

 author points out some of the reasons for the difficuty experienced in coordinat- 

 ing secondary school and college courses in horticulture. 



The relation of horticultural practices to the horticultural curriculum, 

 C. I. Lewis {Proc. Soc. Hort. Sci., 10 {1913), pp. 14-18).— After briefly outlin- 

 ing the field of the college horticultural graduate the author discusses the 

 feasibility of various means of increasing the practical training of such gradu- 

 ates, viz, by following the European system of establishing trade schools, the 

 requirement of more secondary training in horticulture, the establishment of 

 secondary or trade schools within the colleges, the requirement of horticultural 

 experience for admission to college courses, increasing the number of credits 

 for the 4-year course by teaching horticulture during the entire year, requiring 

 the horticultural graduate to spend a certain time in practical work after 

 graduating, and the adoption of the apprenticeship system. He also discusses 

 the amount of laboratory and field work that can be done consistently in hor- 

 ticultural courses with the number of credits at present required in the average 



