xxvi List of Illustrations 



PUae 



and trees. (Lower right). A lane slashing, thirty feet wide, pro- 

 viding needed brush cover and valuable edges. 



47. (Upper). Clear-cut areas provide edges, so needed by game. 

 (Lower left). An experimental slashing unit created by poison- 

 ing the trees, leaving the dead trees standing, (Lower right). 

 The edge of a unit slashing showing the change in the character 

 of the cover. 



48. (Upper). Contour-furrowed field being planted. (Lower). The 

 same plantation five years later. 



49. ( Upper ) . In a ten-year-old plantation, the arborvitae, while sur- 

 viving, has grown but a very few inches due to an unsatisfactory 

 site. (Lower). The second row in the shrub border planting is a 

 failure because of the use of a species unsuited to the soil. 



50. (Upper left). An aerial view of two fields on Connecticut Hill 

 showing pattern of conifer and hardwood plantings. (Upper 

 right and lower left). Same two fields from the ground. (Lower 

 right). Field planting showing alternate bands of conifers and 

 hardwoods. 



51. (Upper). For the first few years young trees affect the old 

 field complex very little. (Center). From about five to fifteen 

 years of age the stand is mixed with natural reproduction, usu- 

 ally hardwoods, and serves as overgrown land. (Lower). After 

 the crown closes, often between fifteen and twenty-five years of 

 age, the competing natural vegetation is rapidly driven out. 



52. (Upper left). The trees gradually prune themselves and the 

 tightly closed canopy prevents any germination of ground cover. 

 (Upper right). At around the forty-to-fifty -year age period, the 

 crown begins to open and the return of herbs and hardwoods 

 begins on the woodland floor. (Lower). At maturity we find a 

 top crown of pine, partially broken, with a complete hardwood- 

 shrub-herb stand underneath. 



53. (Upper). Mixed planting of conifers and hardwoods to provide 

 both food and cover. ( Lower ) . Border of shrubs provides a de- 

 sirable thicket type next to a pine planting. 



54. A ten-year-old planting of northern red oak. 



55. Nursery beds of seedling bayberry, one of the shrubs recom- 

 mended for planting. 



56. (Upper). Game refuges are generally associated with pub- 

 he shooting ground areas when established on public lands. 

 (Lower). Trapping fur-bearers such as the red fox for their 

 pelts on a sustained-yield basis is the only predator control 

 recommended on grouse range. 



