Plate 8. Overgrown land as a shrubby border to woodlands provides desirable 

 interspersion of cover types. A (Upper left) . Open land, overgrown land and hard- 

 wood woods in close juxtaposition. B (Upper right) . Shrub cover next to coniferous 

 woods. C (Lower left). Woodlands lacking a shrubby edge lose valuable inter- 

 spersion; the coniferous type above has excellent shelter but is deficient in handy 

 food cover. D (Lower right). Pure alder most often occurs on moist soils, and is 

 much used by broods. 



