24 LABORATORY DIRECTIONS 



b. The angular process, a small projection at the posterior- 

 ventral angle. 



c. The inferior notch, just above the angular process. 



d. The condyle for articulation with the mandibular fossa 

 of the temporal bone. 



e. The superior notch above the condyle. 



f. The large coronoid process at the dorsal angle, which 

 projects into the temporal fossa of the cranium. 



17. Hyoid Bones. — The hyoid apparatus consists of a chain 

 of slender bones on each side, serving to support the tongue and 

 larynx. These bones are usually absent on ordinary skeletons; 

 examine them on a special demonstration specimen. 



18. Principle Foramina. — Locate the following foramina, 

 some of which have already been mentioned: 



a. The infraorbital foramen passes through the maxillary 

 bone just ventral to the anterior end of the malar. It carries 

 part of the fifth cranial nerve and a blood vessel. 



b. The incisor foramina are the two openings on the ventral 

 surface immediately posterior to the incisor teeth for the 

 passage of the nasal artery and part of the fifth nerve. What 

 bones surround them.^ 



c. The sphenopalatine foramen is the larger of the two open- 

 ings in the palatine bone in the wall of the orbit. It carries the 

 sphenopalatine artery and part of the fifth cranial nerve. 



d. The posterior palatine foramen is the smaller opening in 

 the palatine bone, slightly anterior and ventral to the spheno- 

 palatine foramen, through which the palatine artery and a 

 branch of the fifth nerve pass. 



e. The olfactory foramina are the many perforations of the 

 cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. 



f. The optic foramen is the most anterior of the four foramina 

 in the posterior ventral corner of the orbit. In what bone does 

 it lie ? It carries the optic nerve and meningeal artery. 



g. The orbital fissure, the second of the four foramina in the 

 posterior ventral corner of the orbit, is bounded by the wings 

 of the presphenoid and sphenoid bones. It carries the third, 

 fourth, and sixth cranial nerves and part of the fifth. 



h. The foramen rotundum, the third of the four foramina in 

 the corner of the orbit, lies wholly within the sphenoid bone. 

 It carries part of the fifth cranial nerve. 



