COMPARATIVE ANATOMY 69 



into right and left halves, within each of which lies a testis. 

 Cut open the scrotum so as to expose a testis. If the mem- 

 branes covering the testis are removed, the epididymis, the first 

 part of the duct of the testis, may be seen on one side. It 

 appears as a flattened band, which passes posteriorly into the 

 vas deferens. The vas deferens together with the spermatic 

 artery and spermatic vein, lies within the spermatic cord, which 

 enters the body cavity through the ingui7ial caiial. Within the 

 body cavity the vas deferens leaves the spermatic artery and 

 vein, loops over the ureter, and with the vas deferens of the 

 other side, passes through the prostate gland and enters the 

 urethra. 



Urethra and Penis. — The urethra extends from the base 

 of the urinary bladder to the outside, passing through the penis 

 along its ventral side. From the point where the vasa deferentia 

 enter it, the urethra serves for the passage of both urine and 

 spermatozoa, and is thus in reality a urogenital sinus. At the 

 base of the penis are a pair of Cowper^s glands which also pour 

 their secretions into the urethra. Examine the end of the penis 

 and observe the fold of integument forming the prepuce, which 

 ensheathes the roughened glans penis. 



Reproductive Organs of the Female Cat 



Ovaries. — These are small ovoid bodies lying just posterior 

 to the kidneys. Occasionally small grayish spots, the Graafian 

 follicles, may be seen on them; larger corpora lutea follicles, from 

 which eggs have been discharged, are sometimes present also. 

 As in other vertebrates, the ovary has no direct connection with 

 any duct; it does, however, lie in close proximity to the mouth 

 of the oviduct. 



Genital Ducts. — Each oviduct (usually called Fallopian 

 tube in mammals) begins with an expanded opening, the ostium 

 tubae, lying lateral to the ovary. From the ostium the oviduct 

 passes in a curve around the ovary and then expands into the 

 uterus. 



The uterus is continuous with the oviducts and consists of 

 two long tube-like cornua (horns) which meet near the base of 

 the bladder to form the body of the uterus. The young develop 

 in the cornua and not in the body. In pregnant cats the 



