402 , HAPTER 31 



I erman, 1 s.. "The Structure of the DNA-Acridine Complex," Proc. Nat. Acad Sci., 

 U.S.. 49:94-102, 1963. 



Mel aren, A. I)., and Shugar, !).. Photochemistry ol Proteins and Nucleic Acids, New 



York: Macmillan, 1964. 



Mead, C. G., "The Enzymatic Condensation of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides with Poly- 

 deoxyribonucleotides," Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S., 52:1482-1488, 1964. 



Muller, H. J.. Carlson, E.. and Schalet, A., •Mutation by the Alteration of the Al- 

 ready Existing Gene," Genetics, 46:213-226, 1961. 



Novick, A., "Mutagens and Antimutagens," Brookhaven Symposia on Biology, 8:201- 

 215. 1956. Reprinted in Papers on Bacterial Genetics, Adelberg, E. A. (Ed.), 

 Boston: Little, Brown, 1960, pp. 74-90. 



Novick, A., and Szilard, L., "Experiments on Spontaneous and Chemically Induced 

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 elberg, E. A. (Ed.), Boston: Little, Brown, 1960, pp. 47-57. 



Setlow, R. B., and Carrier, W. L., "The Disappearance of Thymine Dimers from DNA: 

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Tergazhi, B. E., Streisinger, G., and Stahl, F. W., "The Mechanism of 5-Bromo-uracil 

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Trautner, T. A., Swartz, M. N., and Kornberg, A., "Enzymatic Synthesis of Deoxy- 

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QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 



31.1. Discuss the causes of the "spontaneous" mutation rate. 



31.2. Does this chapter offer any new evidence that the genotype regulates its own 

 mutability? Explain. 



31.3. What, if any, new information does this chapter present regarding the genetic 

 or chemical basis of mutation? 



31.4. Would you expect the mutational hot spots in the rll region to be different 

 after exposing T4 to 5-bromo uracil from what they would be after exposing 

 T4 to nitrous acid? Why? 



31.5. In 1959 I. Tessman found that after nitrous acid treatment (/>T2 gave mottled 

 plaques whereas <£X174 gave only nonmottled plaques. What do these results 

 suggest about DNA structure and the molecular basis of mutation? 



31.6. S. Zamenhof and S. Greer found that heating E. coli to 60° C is mutagenic. 

 What molecular explanations can you suggest for this result? 



31.7. Chemical substances carrying one, two, or more reactive alkyl groups (C n H 2u , , ) 

 are called mono-, bi-, or polyfunctional alkylating agents; many of these are 

 mutagenic. Depending upon the particular alkyl group, DNA can be altered 

 in its phosphate or base portions. Under what circumstances would you ex- 

 pect the use of alkylating agents as mutagens to be unsuitable for determining 

 the molecular basis of mutation? 



