114 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. 



A simple method for detecting butter which was prepared from, heated 

 cream, Hesse (Milchw. ZentU., 7 (IDll), No. 3, pp. 133-13',).— The author 

 has previously reported on a study of the Rotbenfusser method (E. S. R., 24, 

 p. 612), as applied to the detection of butter which has been prepared from 

 cream heated to 80° C. or over. The method has now been simplified for the 

 purpose of rendering its use possible by the unskilled, and is as follows: To 

 10 gm. of butter contained in a Gerber butyrometer, placed in a water bath or 

 drying oven at 40 to 50° C, are added 10 cc. of warm water (40° C), 2 drops 

 of a 3 per cent hydrogen peroxid solution, and a few drops of Rothenfusser's 

 guaiacol-paraphenylendiamin solution. The butyrometer is stoppered with a 

 rubber, shaken, and centrifuged for 1 minute. If raw cream was used for 

 making the butter the supernatant layer of the fluid will be colored blue. 



Examination of crude and refined milk sugar, A. Burr and F. M. Beb- 

 liERiCH (MoU: Ztg. [Hildeshcim^, 25 (1911), Nos. 7€, pp. 1J,37-1J,39; 77, pp. 

 11,61, 1J,62; 78, pp. lJ,n-lJtl9). — This article has been previously noted (E. S. 

 R., 26, p. 313). 



The electrical conductivity of impure sugar solutions, and its relation to 

 the specific gravity and sugar content, W. Taegener {Deaf. Zuckerindiis., 36 

 (1911), No. IJ,, jrp. 262-26Ji, fig. 1; abs. in Ztschr. Angew. Chem., 2J, (1911), 

 No. 2S, p. 13S8). — As the author was not able to conduct experiments In fac- 

 tories, he prepared fresh press juices instead of diffusion juices. He specifi- 

 cally points out that these investigations are to be considered preliminary 

 tests. It was noted that a relation does exist between the electrical conduc- 

 tivity, specific gravity, and the sugar content of impure sugar solutions. 



The unification of reducing sugar methods. — A correction, P. H. Walker 

 (Jour. Amer. Cltcm. .S'oc, 3', (1912), No. 2, jrp. 202-209).— Pre\ious\y noted 

 from another source (E. S. R., 26. p. 312). 



A measurement of the translucency of papers, C. F. Sammet ( U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Bm: Chcm. Circ. 96, pp. 3). — ^A practical procedure is described for meas- 

 uring the translucency of papers. It is free from the objections usually con- 

 tained in other methods, and can be used for white as well as colored papers. 

 The results are expressed in terms of a standard which is described. 



Change in the acid content of distilled vinegar stored in wooden casks, 

 A. Behre (Ztschr. Untersiwh. Nahr. u. (ienussmtl., 22 (1911), No. 9, pp. 506- 

 509; abs. in Analyst, 37 (1912), No. Ji30, pp. 23, 2>,). — Vinegar stored :n wooden 

 casks for a period of 9 mouths increased in acidity from 7.1 to 9.2 per cent, and 

 in total solids from 0.3 to 0.30 per cent. The concentration of these constituents 

 was in all probability due to the more riipid diffusion of the water through the 

 pores of the wood. 



" Further experiments were made in which acetic acid solutions of various 

 strengths were exix)sed to the atmosphere in glass vessels. In glass cylinders 

 solutions containing from 7.44 to 61.2 per cent of acetic acid scarcely altered 

 in strength during 10 weeks, but when exposed in flasks having narrow necks 

 the more concentrated solutions remained unaltered while those containing 

 less than 19 per cent of acetic acid increased in strength to a slight extent. 

 Considerable chaugesj took place when the solutions were exposed in open 

 beakers; the sti-onger solutions lost large quantities of acetic acid, while the 

 weaker solutions became stronger. Under these conditions, a vinegar contain- 

 ing 3.17 per cent of acetic acid was found to have 4.68 per cent after the lapse 

 of 4 weeks; a solution containing 19 per cent of acetic acid did not alter in 

 strength ; while a solution containing 61.2 per cent lost 2.2 per cent of acetic 

 acid during this period." 



Milk sugar, A. Burr and F. M. Berberich (Moll:. Ztg. [Hildesheim], 25 

 (1911), Nos. 70, pp. 1323-1327; 71, pp. 13.',7, IS^S; 72, pp. 1361-1363; 73, pp. 



