RURAL ECONOMICS. 193 



Prosperity on a rented farm in Iowa, R. Nicholson (World's Work, 23 

 (1912), No. 6, p. 718). — This article presents the experience of a landowner in 

 Iowa who sold his 320-acre farm in 1908 at $90 per acre, and leased back 240 

 acres of it for 5 years. The results were very satisfactory. The net profit, in 

 addition to the interest on the money i-eceived for the sale of land, in 1910 was 

 $1,077.60 and promi.sed to be larger in 1911. 



Profitableness of agrriculture in Argentina, Pfannenschmidt (Ztschr. 

 Agrarpolitik, 10 (1912), No. //, pp. 126-l-'i3). — This article presents notes and 

 statistics showing the cost of each factor entering into the production of wheat, 

 flax, oats, and other crops on different kinds of land in Argentina, especially 

 the relative value of efficient labor 



The cost of breaking and preparing new land and seeding it to wheat with 

 the more efficient labor and paying for insurance against hail is estimated at 

 17.6 pesos per hectare (about $6.83 per acre), and with less efficient labor 26.75 

 pesos. On old land the cost with the more efficient labor is 10.3 pesos per 

 hectare and with less efficient labor 17.85 pesos. The cost of harvesting on 

 both old and new land with the more efficient labor is 9.75 pesos per hectare, 

 and with the less efficient labor 15.25 pesos. The total cost per hectare on new 

 land that will produce 5 quintals per hectare is 38.35 pesos with the more 

 efficient labor, and on old land 31.05 pesos ; on new land with less efficient labor 

 53 pesos, and on old land 44.1 pesos. 



Corresponding data are given for other crops and wheat on other grades of 

 land. A bibliography is also included. 



High cost of living and agriculture in France, M. Laib (Rev. Econ. Inter- 

 nat., 9 (1912), I, No. 3, pp. Ji9G-525). — This article presents the results of a 

 rather comprehensive research, in which it discusses and illustrates under the 

 following headings a number of causes affecting the cost of liAing and its 

 relation to agriculture in France: The French market; recent rise of the chief 

 products ; identical movement of the custom duties ; French agriculture as a 

 national industry ; progress of the production ; tendency of France to provide 

 for itself; decrease of the agricultural population and scarcity of workmen; 

 difficulties in the use of mechanical and industrial processes ; effect of so'cial and 

 fiscal laws on the increasing prices; influence of speculation ; and administrative 

 influences. 



Agriculture in Egypt, B. O. Cowan (Breeder's Gaz., 61 (1912), No. 17, 

 pp. 988, 989). — This is a popular article describing at length the agricultural 

 possibilities of Egypt, together with its drawbacks, due to the ancient agricul- 

 tural methods still practiced by the Egyptian farmers. 



[Agricultural] production (So. Aust. Statis. Reg., 1910, pt. 3, pp. 1-148). — 

 This is a statistical register showing the area and distribution of holdings in 

 South Australia in 1910 to be as follows: Total area, 105,686,504 acres; occupied 

 by owners, 7.266.867 acres; occupied by tenants, 874,119 acres; lands held under 

 agreement to purchase from the crown, 2,461,412 acres; crown lands leased, 

 95,084,106 acres; total area under crops, 2,746,334 acres; under permanent arti- 

 ficially sown grasses, 26,416 acres; previously cropped land lying idle during the 

 season, 2,192,478 acres ; new ground cleared during the season, 369,150 acres ; 

 land in fallow, 1,369,242 acres; and balance of the holdings, 98,982.524 acres. 

 Persons employed or who regularly assist in farm work are classified as fol- 

 lows : General farming, 34,251 males and 5,398 females ; dairying, 1,602 males 

 and 10,186 females; and pastoral, 5.166 males and 891 females. 



Other statistics are given showing the area vmder each crop, the produce 

 thereof for a period of years and the average market price, the number, descrip- 

 tion, and value of live stock, live stock products, etc. 



