210 EXPEEIMENT STATION EECOED. 



normal alkali is then run in until a faint permanent pinlc tint is formed. If 

 it is found that the end point is masked by the yellow color of the butter fat, 

 the contents of the beaker should be allowed to settle, and the bottom aqueous 

 layer observed, and the addition of alkali continued until the pink tint is 

 obtained. Five cc. of strong formaldehyde solution is next added, and the 

 contents of the beaker well agitated; twentieth-normal strontia is then run in 

 until the pink tint is again produced in the aqueous portion. 



" The number of cubic centimeters of twentieth-normal alkali used in the 

 second titration, less the amount equivalent to the acidity of the formalde- 

 hyde solution added, is proportional to the protein present. One cc. of 

 twentieth-normal strontia is equivalent to 0.01355 gm. of protein nitrogen, 

 assuming the proportion of casein to albumin to be 7 : 1." 



Procedure for determining the sugar content of bagasse, J. J. Hazewinkel. 

 J. S. DeHaan, and G. L. Van Welte (Arch, ^uikerindus. Nederland. Indie, 19 

 (1911), No. Ji9, pp. 1687-1691; Meded. Proefstat. Java^Suikcrindus., 1911, 

 No. 13, pp. 381-385; al)S. in Jour. Soc. Chem. Indus., 31 (1912), No. 3, pp. lJi2, 

 143). — This is a method based on the fact that proper results can only be ob- 

 tained if the basic lead acetate solution is added after boiling. Defecation 

 before boiling yields higher results. 



In regard to the changes which take place in sugar beets during storage, 

 G. Fkiedl (KisMet. Kozlem., l.'t (1911), No. 6, i)p. 793-819) .—The losses of 

 sugar in beets during storage are due in part to the absorption of large amounts 

 of water, which dilute the juice, but mainly to the consumption of saccharose 

 by the respiratory process of the beet. This latter loss, however, can not be 

 prevented unless the vital processes of the beet are checked or destroyed, and 

 this can only be accomplished by impracticable methods as freezing or drying 

 the beet. Invert sugar was found to be the intermediary product of saccharose 

 destruction. The energy of respiration is dependent upon various factors. 

 The nitrogen content of the beet was found lo be more stable than the saccha- 

 rose, and only at the end of the storage period was there a perceptible cleavage 

 of protein. Of the cleavage products glutamin was formed to the greatest 

 extent. ]S'o transformation of glutamin to glutaminic ;icid was noted. 



The comparative influence of water and vinasse upon the pulp residues 

 obtained from the manufacture of beet sugar and from the distilleiy, L. 

 Ammann (Coinpt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], l.'jj, (1012), No. 6, pp. 366-369).— 

 The pulp obtained from the sugar-beet distillery is considered superior as a 

 feed to that obtained from the beet-sugar refinery. This, however, is not 

 regarded as due to the apparatus employed for the extraction of the sugar, 

 but rather to the liquid which is utilized for extracting the sugar. 



The desiccation of potatoes and the uses of the product, C. C. Moore (.4.6.9. 

 in Science, n. scr., 35 (1912), No. 897, p. 380). — "The desiccation of potatoes 

 has been commercially developed in Germany, but the product has not been 

 suitable for the manufacture of starch. Investigations have shown that a dried 

 potato product can be prepared in a way suitable for starch manufacture. 

 Owing to the greater decree of fineness to which the dried product can be 

 reduced, over 90 per cent of tlie starch can be separated in the usual washing 

 and decantation methods, as against a recovery of 65 to 75 per cent of starch 

 when potatoes are ground in a fresh state." 



Forest chemistry, 1909-10, P. Singh (Ann. Rpt. Bd. Sci. Advice India, 

 1909-10, pp. 26-30). — This is a report of the work done by the assistant chemist 

 of the Imperial Forest Research Institute of India, including the manufacture 

 of mangrove tainiin extract from Rhizophora miicronata, distillation of Bliimea 

 balsantifcra and Rhusa grass oil, manufacture of shellac, analysis of shellac, 

 turpentine, colophony, Canarium hcngalensc, and camphor from Cinnaniomuni 

 glandiilifcrum, and the refining of Koosam oil for soap making. 



