258 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



beetles, Hippodamia convergens and Adalia hipunctata, the larvae and images 

 of an hemiptevon (Nabis) Pagasa fusca, and the larvae of various syrphid flies, 

 which generally pro^e very destructive to these aphids and frequently extermi- 

 nate whole colonies. As yet no internal parasites of this species are known. 

 The ants which have been observed to construct tunnels or covers over these 

 aphids are Tapinoma sessile and Cremastogaster lineolata; among those which 

 simply gather honeydew are Camponotus pennsylvanicus, Lasius alienus, and 

 Monomorin m minim um. 



Technical descriptions are given of the principal stages. 



riour mill fumigation, W. H. Goodwin {Ohio Sta. Bui. 23Jf, pp. lll-Wi, 

 fig. 1). — This bulletin deals with the control of the INIediterranean flour moth, 

 which appeared in Ohio in 1895 and has since spread through the medium of 

 secondhand machinery, and more often secondhand sacks, to many of the flour 

 mills of the State. 



It is stated that by Ihe constant watching of spouts, machines, conveyors, 

 and bolters, together with a thorough cleaning of the whole mill once or twice 

 a year, the pests may be almost kept in control. Detailed directions are given 

 for the fumigation of mills with hydrocyanic acid gas, together with an ac- 

 count of the fumigation of 3 mills by the author. 



The generation of heat by steam radiators in a mill in which maximum 

 temperatures were reached, 141° F. on the first floor, 138° on the second floor, 

 and 142° on the third floor and deck, indicate that heat can be used successfully 

 for protecting flour mills and stored products against insects. All stages of the 

 following named mill pests are stated to have been killed, even by the tempera- 

 ture attained on the lower floor : Rice weevil, gi-anary weevil, saw-toothed 

 grain beetle {Silvanus surinamensis) , yellow mealworm, dark mealworm 

 (Tenebrio obscurus), cadelle, confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum), 

 Platydema sp,, and Mediterranean flour moth. 



The advantages favoring the use of high temperature are summarized as 

 follows : " It is not dangerous to human life as are all of the other fumigants 

 which are even fairly effective. There is no possibility of injuring floors, belts, 

 or machines, and practically no danger from fli"e. The cost of a treatment, 

 after the heating system is installed, is less than one-fiftieth of that of hydro- 

 cyanic acid gas fumigation. No time is lost in getting ready to use heat. The 

 mill does not need to be shut down a week beforehand, and as most of the 

 Ohio flour mills use steam power, the cost of a heating system would not be 

 prohibitive. High temperature, as compared with other methods of treatment, 

 by saving time and extra expense, will pay for the average heating system 

 required in a flour mill in less than 5 years." 



Larvae of a saturniid moth used as food by California Indians, J. M. 

 Aldeicii (Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 20 {1912), No. 1, pp. 28-31, pi. i).— Saturniid 

 caterpillars, apparently of the genus Hemileuca, are said to be collected by the 

 Indians of the Mono Lake region from the leaves of the yellow pine {Pinus 

 ponderosa). A smudge made beneath the tree causes them to drop and they 

 are then killed and dried. The collection of this caterpillar for food appears 

 to be an industry of considerable importance in the territory along the Nevada- 

 California line. 



Some observations on the relations of ants and lycaenid caterpillars, and 

 a description of the relational org-ans of the latter, E. J. Newcomer (Jour. 

 N. Y. Ent. Soc, 20 {1912), No. 1, pp. 31-36, pis. 2).— The author, who has made 

 observations on the behavior of ants toward the larvae of Lyccena fuUa and 

 L. pseudargiolus piasus, finds the larvae of the latter species very generally 

 attended in the third and fourth instars by the ants Tapinoma sessile and 

 Prenolepis imparls, and occasionally by Cremastogaster and Camponotus (?). 



