264 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



additional species are Iviiown to prey upou it and the lioriied toad or lizard 

 {Phrynosoma cornututii) includes these ants as a part of its regular diet. The 

 use of a solution of potassium cyanid, as recommended for the cutting or 

 parasol aat, has been found to be a perfectly satisfactory method of destroying 

 them. It is much cheaper and easier of application than in the case of the 

 cutting aut on account of the fact that the underground portion of the nest is 

 much less extensive, a pint of liquid being sutficient for even a large colony, 

 though sometimes a second application may be necessary. Carbon bisiilphid is 

 also a good remedy and can be readily applied. 



The ants of Guam, W. M. Wheeleb {Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, 20 (1912), No. 1, 

 PP- H--i^)- — This paper is based on a collection made by D. T. Fullaway of 

 the Hawaii Federal Station, which is said to be sufHeiently extensive to show 

 that the ant-fauna of the little Island is made up very largely of the " tramp " 

 species that occur on the other small volcanic Pacific islands such as those of 

 the Society and Hawaiian groups. Twenty-one forms are recorded, of which 

 a subspecies, Campvnotus reticulatus fuUaivayi, and a variety, Prenolepis tninii- 

 tula atomiis fullawayi, are described as new to science. 



The control of Solenopsis geniinata in cinchona plantations, O. W. Bae- 

 RETT {Rev. Ayr. [Santo Domingo], G {1011), No. 10, pi). 255-258; ahs. in In- 

 ternat. Inst. Ayr. [Rome], Bui. Bur. Ayr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 2 {1911), 

 No. 6, pp. ISJil, 15//2). — The author recommends the application about the trunks 

 of trees, 2 cm. (0.75 in.) abo\e the soil, of a band from 3 to 5 cm. in breadth, 

 consisting of 3 parts resin, 1 of soda, and 1 of tobacco decoction, and that a 

 second band be placed 15 cm. above the first. For the destruction of ant nests 

 the injection of a mixture of 2 parts resin, 1 of soda, and 1 of tobacco decoction 

 is recommended. 



Monograph of the gall-making' Cynipidae (Cynipinae) of California, D. T. 

 Fullaway {Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., J, {1911). No. J,, pp. 331-3S0, pi. 1). — Fifteen 

 genera are represented ia California by TO species, of which 18 are here de- 

 scribed as new to science. 



A key to the genera is included. 



The red spider (Tetranychus bimaculatus) on cotton, E. A. McGregor 

 {U. S. Dept. Ayr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 150, pp. 13, fiys. 5). — This circular, which is 

 based primarily upon work done at Batesburg, S. C, in 1911, but includes the 

 results of observations made by G. A. Runner and H. F. Wilson during the 2 

 preceding seasons, presents a summarized account of present knowledge of the 

 pest. Recent studies of additional material have led Banks to conclude that 

 the name T. gloveri is synonymous with T. bimaculatus. 



Experiments conducted with unmated female red spiders clearly proved that 

 they are normally capable of laying eggs, which in turn hatch and develop into 

 mature individuals. The female lays from 50 to 60 round, colorless eggs which 

 hatch in the summer time in about 4 days. 



The newborn spider molts in 2 days to the primary nymph. "In 2 more 

 days (in summer) it, in turn, molts to the secondary nymph. The second 

 nymphal stage lasts 2 days, at the end of which time, after molting, the fully 

 formed adult emerges. Mating occurs at once and egg laying commences im- 

 mediately afterwards. Thus, 1 generation requires in summer weather in 

 South Carolina about 10 or 11 days. There are probably about 15 generations 

 in an average year in that locality. 



"The red spider colonies live on the under side of the cotton leaves, and 

 their constant feeding causes bloodred spots to appear on the tops of the leaves. 

 The effect upon the cotton plant is that the leaves drop, one by one. until 

 usually the plant dies. The pest increases and spreads most rapidly in hot, dry 



