270 EXPEEIMENT STATION EECOED. 



to provide food for school children, which summarizes a large amount of statis- 

 tical and other data. 



A bibliography is included. 



The training of the school dietitian, Maby S. Rose {Psych. Clin., 6 {1912), 

 No. 2, pp. 52-55). — Suggestions are made regarding the training required by a 

 school dietitian, a profession which the author believes will become an im- 

 portant factor in education in boarding institutions and in the public schools 

 of large cities. 



Administration of school luncheons, Alice C. Boughton (Psych. Clin., 6 

 (1912), No. 2, pp. -'i-'i-51, fig. 1). — An account is given of the school luncheon 

 movement in Philadelphia, considered particularly as a business project. 



The economy of food, J. A. Murray (London, 1911, pp. XII-\-253, figs. 13). — 

 This popular treatise on nutrition discusses the physiology and chemistry of 

 nutrition, the quantity of food required, the nutritive value and general prop- 

 erties of meats, vegetables, and other foods, ordinary diets, special diets, and 

 similar questions. 



An explanation of hunger, W. B. Cannon and A. L. Washburn (Amer. 

 Jour. Physiol, 29 (1912), No. 5, pp. Ul-J^o-'t, figs. 3). — In this paper the au- 

 thors summarize and discuss hunger as distinguished from appetite, on the 

 basis of their own investigations and the work of others. Of the two theories 

 of hunger, the one that it is a general sensation with a local reference, and the 

 other that it has a local peripheral source, they point out that the former has 

 been the more widely accepted. The support for this theory, however, can be 

 shown to be unsubstantiated. 



In general, " hunger ... is normally the signal that the stomach is con- 

 tracted for action; the unpleasantness of hunger leads to eating; eating starts 

 gastric secretion, distends the contracted organ, initiates the movements of 

 gastric digestion, and abolishes the sensation. Meanwhile pancreatic and in- 

 testinal juices, as well as bile, have been prepared in the duodenum to receive 

 the oncoming chyme. The periodic activity of the alimentary canal in fasting, 

 therefore, is not solely the source of hunger pangs, but is at the same time an 

 exhibition in the digestive organs of readiness for prompt attack on the food 

 swallowed by the hungry animal." 



Investigations into the jail dietaries of the United Provinces, with some 

 observations on the influence of dietary on the physical development and 

 well-being of the people of the United Provinces, D. McCav (Set. Mem. Med. 

 and Saiiit. Depts. India, n. sci\., 1911, No. J,8, pp. 2+3-\rn-{-200). — Continuing 

 previous investigations (E. S. R., 24, p. 56S), an extended study was made 

 of the dietaries in a number of Indian jails and experiments were carried on 

 with reference to the digestibility of protein and carbohydrates of certain food- 

 stulfs and combinations. In addition, the author studied the jail dietaries 

 with reference to their salt content, the excretion of chlorids in the urine, the 

 quantity of feces and urine excreted, the nitrogen content of the feces, and the 

 effect of an increase or decrease in wheat consumed on the quantity of feces. 



On an average the present diet made up of wheat, legumes, barley, vegetables, 

 oil, and other similar vegetable foods, supplied 106.81 gm. protein per man per 

 day, of which 72.81 gm. was digestible. The energy value ranged from 3,122 

 to 3.450 calories. 



"Taking the whole year into consideration the dietaries of the jails of the 

 United Provinces present an average daily intake of . . . 104.56 gm. protein 

 per man, and are accompanied by an average daily absorption of . . . 69.50 gm. 

 protein per man." 



In the author's opinion " the defects of most of these diets are such as to 

 lessen their nutritive value to a very serious extent, with the result that while, 



