ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 357 



spraying mixtures; weight of white fly pupse; the woolly white fly; migration 

 of white fly ; and scale insects. 



Whale-oil soap was found to be a satisfactory agent for use in softening water 

 for use with kerosene emulsion, white fly formula IV, a proprietary emulsion, 

 and a proprietary miscible oil. Some good results were obtained from the use 

 of sodium carbonate in softening water, especially when the mixture of water 

 and soda was allowed to stand for about one-half hour. Borax gave no benefi- 

 cial results, the oil rising to the surface as readily as when no softening agent 

 had been added. 



Applications of lime-sulphur and soda sulphur 1 : 30 to white fly larvae in 

 all stages proved ineffective. Tests of the eflrect of various insecticides on 

 white fly eggs are reported in tabular fonn. In order to obtain a more adequate 

 idea of the actual drain of the white fly upon the trees, weighings of the nearly 

 mature pupse were made during March. It is estimated that 1,000,000 pupse 

 would weigh 67.8 gm. and that this number of larvae would excrete in a month 

 15 lbs. of honeydew. 



The rufous scale (Aspi&iotiis (vrticulatus) was found to infest a grove near 

 Largo. 



Combating scale and other insects, L. Trabitt {Bal. Agr. Alg^rie et 

 Tunisie, 16 {19 W), Nos. 7, pp. 1.1,9-158; 10, pp. 225-231,; 12, pp. 281-293; 16, 

 pp. 377-388; 17, pp. 1,01-412; 22, pp. 517-528; 17 (1911), Nos. 7, pp. 163-172; 

 8, pp. 186-202; 9, pp. 221,-236; 10, pp. 255-265; II,, pp. 353-360, figs. 127).— This 

 article is devoted largely to the Coccidse, but also briefly considers thrips, red 

 spiders, and other mites, Aleyrodes, etc., tlieir parasitic and predaceous enemies, 

 and artificial means of control. 



The insect enemies of the prickly pear, H. Tbyon {Queensland Agr. Jour., 

 27 {1911]), No. 2, pp. 80-83). — A brief account of the Australian and extra 

 Australian insect enemies of Opuntia spp. 



Combating the insect enemies of the olive {Bui. Mens. Off. Renseig. Agr. 

 [Paris], 11 {1912), No. 1, pp. 29-38, pi. 1, figs. 3).— This is a reiwrt of experi- 

 ments conducted by the Oleaculture Service In combating the olive fiy {Dacus 

 olew), the olive miner {Tinea olece), and the olive scale {Lecanium olew.) 



The enemies of the coconut palm {Bui. Agr. Congo Beige, 2 {1911), Nos. 3, 

 pp. 512-528, figs. 15; 1,, pp. 723-731, figs. 4).— This is a brief account of the 

 insect and other animal enemies and of the diseases of the coconut palm. 



Termite studies, N. Holmgren {K. Svenska VetensJc. Akad. Handh, J,.', {1909), 

 No. 3, pp. 215, pis. 3, figs. 76; 1,6 {1911), No. 6, pp. 86, pis. 6, figs. 6).— The 

 first part of this work is devoted to the gross and microscopic anatomy and 

 embryology of termites; the second part deals with the classification of the 

 families Mastotermitidse, Protermitidse, and Mesotermitidse. 



Grasshopper disease, W. G. Sackett {Colorado 8ta. Rpt. 1911, p. 20). — 

 In experiments carried on with a fungus disease, which has appeared sporadi- 

 cally with more or less varying degrees of virulence and has been prevalent 

 among grasshoppers in Colorado, attempts to infect artificially failed. In 

 these experiments grasshoppers were fed with the fungus, a pure culture was 

 spread upon their bodies, and healthy individuals were placed in breeding 

 cages with grasshoppers suffering from or dead of the disease. Pure cultures 

 of the supposed causal fungus have been isolated and attempts have been made 

 to produce on culture media some unusual form of the fungus with which to 

 infect grasshoppers the following season. 



On the propagation of the Mexican locust epizootic in Argentina, F. 

 d'Herelle {Compt. Rend. Acad. 8ci. [Paris], 151, {1912), No. 9, pp. 623-625).— 

 Cultures of CoccoMcillus acridiorum n. sp., the bacterium that was found to 

 destroy locusts {Schistocerca naoallens) in Yucatan, as previously noted 



