VETERINARY MEDICINE. ^81 



contract the disease and pass through a more or less modified attack. [It is] 

 shown that the blood of animals is infective during this attack." 



The authors point out the inadvisability of relying upon serum to prevent 

 an attack of this disease. Such serum has been advocated by sanitarians in 

 various parts of Africa. 



Investig'ations in regard to tetanus curative sera prepared according to 

 various methods with the aid of immunity reactions and animal tests, W. 

 ScHXJRMANN and E. Sonntag (Ztsehr. Immumtutsf. u. Expt. Titer., I, Orig., 12 

 (1911), xYo. 1, pp. 1-15; abs. in Zentbl. Biochem. u. Biophys., 12 (1912), No. 23, 

 p. 932). — Treating horses by subcutaneous injections of toxins, 1. e., bacilli and 

 sijores, yields no agglutinins or precipitins specific for the tetanus bacillus in 

 the blood serum. The serum obtained in protective tests with animals pre- 

 treated with toxin behaved in the same manner. The protective action prob- 

 ably runs parallel with the antitoxin content of the serum. By giving killed 

 or living bacteria intravenously to a rabbit a slight agglutinin, with a marked 

 precipitin formation, took place. 



The treatment of tetanus by magnesium sulphate, carbolic acid, and anti- 

 tetanus serum, J. Camus (Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris], 12 (1912), No. 3, 

 pp. 109-112; abs. in Ztsehr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, Ref., 5 (1912), No. 

 S, p. 11). — Magnesium sulphate and carbolic acid were found of no value in 

 treating tetanus, the former having only a momentary effect upon the spasm. 

 The serum treatment of tetanus is far better. Some tests with an antitoxic 

 serum prepared with pepsin are also reported but the results obtained were very 

 uncertain. 



Bovine and human tuberculosis, Lydia Rabinowitsch (Berlin. Klin. 

 Wchnschr., J,9 (1912), No. 16, pp. 752-754).— It is stated that the bovine type of 

 bacillus causes a great many cases of tuberculosis in man. Prophylaxis must 

 therefore not be ignored in this direction. 



Tuberculosis in chickens, Y. Vosgien (Hyg. Viande et Lait, 6 (1912), No. .}, 

 pp. 207-211). — Out of 226 chickens which were seized as being tuberculous 145 

 on autopsy showed lesions of tuberculosis. The tuberculous processes were 

 distributed among the following organs : Liver, 143 cases ; spleen, 135 ; cervical 

 ganglion. 102; lungs, Gl (1 case of tuberculosis of lungs and trachea included) ; 

 bones and articulations, 46; alimentary canal, 30; peritoneum, 13; kidneys, 9; 

 and ovaries, 6 cases. 



Tuberculosis of poultry, Raymond and CHR:fiTiEN (Hyg. Viande et Lait, 6 

 (1912), No. 4, pp. 211-226, figs. 8). — This article includes observations made in 

 regard to the occurrence of tuberculosis in poultry as noted at the central game 

 market at Paris. The article is illustrated with drawings of pathological prepa- 

 rations. The distribution and frequency of the lesions are stated and discussed. 



The tuberculin test, P. Fischer (Proc. Amer. Yet. Med. Assoc, 48 (1911), 

 pp. 536-556). — A discussion of the nature of the tuberculin test and a detailed 

 statement of the results obtained with it in the State of Ohio. 



In regard to tuberculin anaphylaxis and its relation to the tuberculin 

 reaction, T. J. voN Capelle (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. Aht., Orig., 60 (1911), No. 6, 

 pp. 531-542). — Anaphylaxis can be produced with tuberculin because the tuber- 

 culoprotein contains an integrating substance upon which anaphylaxis depends. 

 According to this the tuberculin reaction is an anaphylactic process. Anaphy- 

 laxis so produced can be conveyed from one animal to the other. 



Upon the defense of the organism against infection by the tubercle bacillus, 

 A. Calmette and C. GufiRiN (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 25 (1911), No. 9, pp. 625- 

 641 ) ■■ — The serum of bovines which were hyperimmunized by repeated injections 

 of modified (in media of ox bile) tubercle bacilli, when injected into guinea 

 pigs, will not prevent or cure tuberculosis in these animals. When given with 



