METEOEOLOGY — WATEfi. 413 



pressure at which it has been pressed. With the pressure remaining constant 

 greater percentages of juice are obtained from chopped cane as the quantity of 

 material under pressure decreases. ... At pressures up to 60 lbs. per square 

 inch the volume of bagasse varies inversely as the 2.5th root of the pressure." 



The work shows that "the pressure exerted by the bagasse in its passage be- 

 tween the top and front roller is very much less — probably about one-fortieth — 

 than that exerted in its passage between the top and back roller, that is to 

 say. the strains in the conventional 3-roller mill are symmetrical and as much 

 metal is used in the feed side and in the front roller as in the delivery side and 

 in the back roller. The logical application of the experiments described here 

 would indicate that the front roller be regarded solely as a feed roller and 

 would point to a 2-roller mill with a small feed roller as being the rational 

 design for the later mills of a train. 



" In a 2-roller mill, however, the pressure exerted by the layer of bagasse will 

 not be in a vertical line but . . . will pass through a point 0.81 in. from the 

 line of nearest approach of the rollers ; in a mill with rollers superimposed ver- 

 tically there will then be a small side thrust, due to the slow recovery of 

 bagasse after compression." 



Stohmann's handbook of sugar manufacture, revised by A. Schandeb 

 (Stohmann's Handbuch der Zuclcerfahrikation. Berlin, 1912, 5. ed. rev., pp. 

 XVIII+810, pi. 1, figs. 38.'/).— A fifth edition of this well known work. 



Centenary of the manufacture of beet sugar, 1812-1912, L. Lindet {Bui. 

 Assoc. Chim. Suer. et Distill., 29 {1912), No. 9. pp. 600-619).— This is a detailed 

 historical discussion of the numerous events which occurred in the beet-sugar 

 refining industry during the years 1812-1912. 



Thirty-fourth report of the Swiss Agricultural-Chemical Institute at 

 Zurich, 1911 {Landw. Jalirb. Sclnrciz, 26 {1912), No. 3, pp. 167-182).— This 

 report contains analyses of fertilizers, feed stuffs, agricultural products, and 

 miscellaneous substances. 



METEOROLOGY— WATER. 



Weather and agriculture, A. Schmauss {Landw. Hefte. 1912, No. 7, pp. 36, 

 figs. 7). — The farmer as a weather observer and proguosticator, the signs and 

 methods he makes use of. and means of improving his methods by use of the 

 weather maps and application of scientific principles, are discussed. Predic- 

 tions based on phases of the moon as well as on the 100-year calendar of 

 Mauritius Knauer and many popular rules are shown to be of no value. Lists 

 of books suitable for the German farmer's use and of weather sen-ice stations 

 in Germany are given. 



Monthly Weather Review {2Io. Weather Rev., //O {1912), Nos. 3, pp. 321-f/86. 

 pis. 10; .'f, pp. 487-6.5S. pis. 10, figs. 3). — In addition to the usual climatological 

 summaries, lake levels, weather forecasts and warnings for March and April, 

 1912, notes on the application of upper-air observations to weather forecasting, 

 March and April, 1912, river and flood observations, lists of additions to the 

 Weather Bureau library and of recent papers bearing on meteorology, a con- 

 densed climatological summary, and climatological tables and charts, these 

 numbers contain the following special papers: 



No. 3. — Some Effects of Air Drainage in River Valleys, by J. R. Weeks; 

 The Bremo Bluff Tornado of February 21, 1912. by J. H. Kimball; The Floods 

 of March, 1912, in the South Atlantic and East Gulf States, by C. F. von 

 Herrmann; Ice Storm in Illinois, by C. J. Root; Abnormal Snowfall at Spring- 

 field, Mo., by J. S. Hazen; Temperatures Injurious to Peaches, Apples, and 

 Pears in Various Stages of Development (see page 439) ; Depth of Snow in the 



