HORTICULTURE. 439 



Fruit culture, R. Goethe (Obsthau. Berlin, 1910, pp. 174, pls. 30, figs. 77). — 

 A practical treatise on fruit growing with special reference to German conditions. 



How to grow and market fruit {Berlin, Md. [1912], pp. 131, pis. 2J^). — ^A 

 practical treatise on fruit culture an^ marketing. 



The California fruits and how to grow them, E. J. Wickson (San Fran- 

 cisco, Cal., 1912, 6. ed., rev., pp. 602, figs. 181). — The present edition of this 

 treatise (E. li. S., 22, p. 734) has been revised with a view to including recent 

 ITogress in various phases of the fruit industry. 



Experiments on the pollination of our hardy fruits, C. H. Hoopee {Irish 

 Gard., 7 {1912), Nos. 76, pp. 83, 84; 77, pp. 102, 103).— A summarized account of 

 this work has been previously noted (E. S. R., 25, p. 83S). 



Orchard heating, L. Greene {Iowa Sta. Bui. 129, pp. 131-164, figs. 16). — 

 This bulletin reports tests conducted by the station in 3 different orchards 

 during the season of 1911 to determine the value and efficiency of some of the 

 orchard heating devices now on the market. Reports from individual growers in 

 various sections of the State, who also tried out heating devices, are included 

 and general infoi-mation is given relative to methods of heating orchards. 



The spring of 1911 did not offer the best conditions for a thorough test because 

 injurious temperatures did not occur. 



How a Ventura lemon grove was protected, C. A. Teague {Pacific Rural 

 Press, 83 {1912), No. 26, iW- 604, 605).— A detailed statement is given of frost 

 fighting experience during the past season in a California lemon grove. 



New heater and vaporizer for frost protection, A. G. McAdie {Mo. Weather 

 Rev., 40 {1912), No. 4, PP- 618, 619). — ^A new heater and vaporizer being tried 

 at the San Francisco office of the Weather Bureau is here described. 



Temperatures injurious to peaches, apples, and pears in various stages of 

 development {Mo. Weather Rev., 40 {1912), No. 3, p. 426). — This comprises 

 data collected under the direction of the Fruit Growers' Association of the Grand 

 Valley, Colo., with the view of assisting growers in frost protection work. 



Tests of summer sprays on apples, peaches, etc., G. P. Clinton and W. E. 

 Britton {Connecticut State Sta. Rpt. 1911, pf. 5. pp. 347-406, pis. 8).— Tests of 

 various Bordeaux, lime-sulphur, and miscellaneous sulphur mixtures (E. S. R., 

 24, p. 553) were continued on an extended scale -in 1911. Lead arsenate was 

 used, both with the mixtures and alone, as an insecticide. The details of the 

 year's work with apples, peaches, pears, quinces, plums, cherries, and currants 

 are reported and the results of the 2 years' work with apples and peaches are 

 reviewed. With the results secured in the above experiments as a basis recom- 

 mendations are given as to spraying practice for these fruits. 



In these experiments Bordeaux has on the whole shown the best fungicidal 

 value of any of the sprays tried. In the work with apples it was found that 3 

 sprayings having lead arsenate in the last 2 keep most of the fungi and insects 

 under control. In the control of black rot on the leaves complete removal of 

 the diseased branches should be combined with spraying. The prevention of 

 rust requires a continuous coating of the leaves from the time they first appear 

 until all danger of infection from the cedar apple stage is over. To reduce 

 the russeting or burning of apples that occurs with Bordeaux used alone, the 

 authors advise using the 4 : 4 : 50 formula in the first spraying before the blos- 

 soms have opened at the critical time for scab. In the second and third spray- 

 ing a 1 : 4 : 50 formula may be used. Compared with the commercial lime- 

 sulphur sprays, however, even weak Bordeaux is apt to produce more russeting 

 on such susceptible varieties as Baldwin and Greening. The authors are not 

 yet prepared to recommend a substitution of lime-sulphur solutions for Bordeaux 



62189°— No. 5—12 4 



