HORTICULTURE. 441 



the others, whereas the fruit of the other experimental plats, benefited by the 

 rains of late summer and the long period of sunshine, grew to unusual size and 

 was of exceptionally high quality and color. The development of Bordeaux 

 injury appears to have coincided with a period of rainy weather. 



From the results of the experiments as a whole the author concludes that 

 spray injury may be, and very likely is, due as much to a physical factor, i. e., 

 the application of a mist or spray to growing plant tissues under extreme, or 

 some now undetermined, but unfavorable, meteorological conditions, as to any 

 chemical action of the material used. 



Analyses of materials sold as insecticides and fungicides ( Neiii York State 

 Sta. Bui. 348, pp. 85-98). — ^Analyses are reported of Paris green, lead arsenate, 

 Bordeaux lead arsenate, Bordeaux mixture, Bordeaux-Paris green mixtures, 

 lime-sulphur solutions, mixtures of soluble sulphur and oils, nicotin prepara- 

 tions, soap solutions, sulphur, and hellebore. 



The precooling of fruit in the United States, S. J. Dennis (Bet: II. Internat. 

 KaltenJcong. Wien, 2 (1910), pp. .'f34-Jt56, figs. 8). — A paper on this subject read 

 before the Second International Refrigeration Congress, held at Vienna in 1910. 



Refrigeration in relation to fruit growing in Canada, J. A. Ruddick (Ann. 

 Rpt. Fruit Growers' Assoc. Nova Scotia, 48 (1912), pp. 33-42). — In this paper 

 the author points out some of the possibilities of cold storage in relation to the 

 fruit industry. 



Breeding citrus trees, A. D. Shamel (Pacific Rural Press, 83 (1912), No. 25, 

 p. 580). — An abstract of a paper read before the California State Fruit Grow- 

 ers' Convention at Santa Barbara. 



In his study of bud selection with citrus fruits (E. S. R., 24, p. 737), the author 

 finds frequent variation in type of tree and fruit such as would come under the 

 heading of bud sports or so-called bud mutation. A study of one grove of 

 Washington navel oranges of about 150 acres revealed the presence of 7 fre- 

 quently occurring types, 5 of which are unproductive, bearing low-grade unde- 

 sirable and unprofitable fruit. All of the trees of this grove were propagated 

 from the 2 parent Washington navel trees in Riverside. Similar variations 

 were found in grapefruit and lemons. The frequency and general prevalence 

 of bud sports in the Valencia orange is much greater than in any citrus variety 

 yet studied. 



The trees have been found to vary consistently, not only in striking typical 

 differences, but in the amount of production within the type. About 10 per 

 cent of standard type trees studied are consistent producers of the highest 

 grades of fruit and free fi'om any evidence of bud sports. The author calls 

 attention to the successful results secured by G. T. Powell from the practice of 

 careful bud selection (E. S. R., 19, p. 1142). and offers a general conclusion 

 that a careful study of bud variation and bud selection will prove of great 

 benefit to the growers of all plants propagated by budding. 



Work for citrus improvement, J. E. Coit (Pacific Rural Press, 84 (1912), 

 No. 1, pp. 5, 6). — This comprises a brief sketch of the plan of development of 

 the work of the California Citrus Substation. 



Viticulture (9. Cong. Internat. Agr. Madrid, 1911, pp. 587-637). — This com- 

 prises the following papers presented and discussed in the viticultural section 

 of the Ninth International Congi-ess of Agriculture, Madrid. 1911 : Grape Stocks 

 Best Adapted to Dry and Limy Soils, by N. Gai'cia de los Salmones (E. S. R., 

 27, p. 145) ; The Grape Stocks in Dry and Limy Soils, by P. Gervais; and New 

 Phases in the Utilization of Musts and Wines, by C. Mestre Artiga. 



[Report of the viticultural branch], M. Blunno (Rpt. Dept. Agr. N. S. 

 Wales, 1911, pp. 60-64). — This report is largely a review of the work of recon- 



