484 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



including plans of improvements, maps of surveys, descriptions of stream 

 basins and adjacent drained territory, discussions of methods of reclamation 

 by surface drainage with levees and by ditches, and plans for conveying ditch 

 water under stream beds, levees, and main drainage channels by means of 

 inverted siphons and concrete culverts. 



The information indicates that channels should be large enough to carry a 

 run-off of 1 in. in depth from the entire area drained by the river for large 

 areas and somewhat larger for small areas where an excavated channel is 

 economical. Where the volume of water is so great as to make undersnrface 

 channels too expensive, levees should be constructed sufficient to provide for a 

 run-off of from 1^ to 2 in. per 24 hours from the entire watershed. The cost 

 of the works approximates from $25 to $30 per acre. 



[A tile drainage project] (Brick and Clay Rec.,40 {1912), No. 11, pp. 479- 

 4^', figs. 11). — A discussion of the planning and construction of a tile drainage 

 astern, reclaiming 500 acres of land on the Desplaines River in Illinois, in 

 ?hich work 250 carloads of tile and 2 years' time were consumed, and 65.3 

 miles of tile drains constructed. The cost of draining was approximately $75 

 per acre. 



Practical road building, J. N. Edt ( Municipal Engin.. /,2 (1912), Nos. 1,, pp. 

 215, 216; 5, PI). 351-354, fig. 1; 6, pp. 436-439, fig. i).— Brief specifications are 

 given for the construction of sand-clay roads on a sand or clay subsurface and 

 for the construction of gravel and macadam roads. Directions for the main- 

 tenance of these roads are also presented. 



Road building with convict labor, D. Glass (Country Oent., 77 (1912), No. 

 16, pp. 3, 30, fig. 1). — The successful and economical use of convict labor for 

 road building in Georgia is noted, the cost being found to be much cheaper than 

 that of other labor. Chert roads have been built at a cost of from .$4,000 to 

 $5,000 per mile, while a sand and clay road costs from $400 to $500 per mile. 



First report of the proceedings of the road board for the period from 

 May 13, 1910 to June 30, 1911 (Rpt. Proc. Road Bd. [Ot. Brit.], 1 (1910-11). 

 pp. 69). — A report on the existing physical and financial conditions of roads in 

 the Ignited Kingdom. 



A new English tar tester (Good Roads, n. ser., 3 (1912), No. 22, p. 337, fig. 

 J). — A device is described which is intended to furnish a quick and easy method 

 of testing bituminous materials to be used in road repair and construction. The 

 instrument consists of a 9-in. stem carrying a weight, bulb, and 2 rings marking 

 the beginning and end of the test. The test is based on the speed with which 

 the instrument sinks in the liquid under examination. 



Concrete costs, F. W. Taylor and S. E. Thompson (New York and London, 

 1912, pp. XX IT +700, pi. J, figs. 76). — This book gives tables and recommenda- 

 tions for estimating the time and cost of labor operations in concrete construc- 

 tion and for introducing economical methods of management. 



Farm blacksmithing, G. Baxter (Jour. Dept. Agr. Victoria, 9 (1911), Nos. 7, 

 pp. 479-4S2; 8, pp. 545-549; 9, pp. 610-615; 10, pp. 685-689; 11, pp. 739-743; 12, 

 pp. 795-799; 10 (1912), Nos. 1, pp. 49-54; 2, pp. 123-127; S, pp. 192-195; 4, pp. 

 217-221, figs. 59). — It is the object of this article to instruct the farmer how to 

 lay out a blacksmith shop and make simple and useful articles connected with 

 farm work and farm machinery. The required tools are enumerated and the 

 processes of forging, welding, etc., are discussed in detail. 



[Experience with farm powers], R. E. Gunn (Farm and Dairy [Ontario], 

 31 (1912), No. 23, pp. 609, 617. fig. ^).— The author relates his experience with 

 the use of gasoline, steam, wind, and electric power on his farm, and states 

 that electric power has supplanted all others. 



