RURAL ECONOMICS. 489 



planned iu such a way as to keep the laborers busy every day. Some sugges- 

 tions are made regarding selection of crops and crop rotations and the selec- 

 tion of live stock and farm machinery with this end in view. 



Agricultural population and its growth, A, C. Lecoco {Rev. Agron. [Portu- 

 gal], 9 (1911), No. 1-6, pp. IJt-J,.',). — Notes and tables are given showing the 

 movement of the agi-icultural population for a number of years in Portugal. 

 It is noted that the rural population was 71.5 per cent of the total population 

 in 1864, and 67.1 per cent in 1900. In 1890 the agricultural population was 

 3,088,610, and in 1900, 3.367,199, an increase of 9 per cent; while the non- 

 agricultural population was 1,961,119 in 1890, and 2,055,933 in 1900, an increase 

 of 4.8 per cent. 



Abstract of statistics of the number and distribution of inhabitants 

 {Bur. of the Census \JJ. S.] Bui. 13, pp. 55, figs. 6).— This bulletin presents in 

 condensed form the principal results of the population census of 1910, including 

 among other data tables and maps showing by divisions and States the urban 

 and rural population in 1910, 1900, and 1800, and the increase in population 

 during the same period. 



[Agricultural and pastoral statistics for 1£>10 in Queensland], T. Weedon 

 (Ann. Rpt. Dept. Agr. and Stock [Queensland], 1910-11, pp. 115-172). — Despite 

 favorable climatic conditions for a number of years, only a small increase of 

 cattle and sheep in Queensland is reported, this being attributed largely to the 

 greater demand for dressed meat and meat products. Owing to governmental 

 supervision of dairy products much recent progress is noted in dairying, the 

 number of dairy cattle having increased from 304,281 in 1908 to 365,444 in 1910, 

 and the quantity of butter from 17,538,473 lbs. in 1904 to 31,258,333 lbs. in 1910. 



A continuous decrease in the excess of exports over imports of agricultural 

 products from 1906 to 1910 ia noted. Tables showing acreage, yield, total 

 production, value, etc., of all crops are given. The estimated value of crops 

 for 1910 was £3,863.707, an increase of £378,291, the principal items being sugar 

 cane, £1,262,213 ; com, £669,046 ; green forage, £448.335 ; fruits, £363,018 ; alfalfa 

 hay, £322,359; wheat, £204,475; and potatoes, £132,872. A tendency is noted 

 on the part of farmers to bring an increasing area of their holdings under 

 cultivation, the average size of cultivated farms being 36 acres in 1908 and 40 

 acres in 1910. 



Rural economy in the Bombay Dekkan, G. F. Keatinge (Agr. .Jour. India, 

 6 (1911), Nos. S, pp. 208-220; J,, pp. 3'/ 4-352). —This article discusses the general 

 conditions under which live stock is bred and reared in Dekkan, showing that 

 in 1910 the number of horses and ponies totaled 71,000; sheep, 1,300,000; goats, 

 1,200,000; buffaloes, 500,000; and cattle, 2,900,000. Of the total number of 

 cattle, 1,315,000 are used as plow cattle, cultivating about 13,635,000 acres, 

 horses being of little importance. The supply of work cattle is said to be 31 

 per cent short of the demand, due possibly to the lack of attention given 

 toward increasing the number or improving the quality. In many localities 

 the cows and young stock are not fed but turned out all the year to feed upon 

 the public grazing lands, and as these are practically barren wastes from 

 March to July, the losses are very large. 



The economic significance of farm machinery in connection with the land, the 

 farmer, and the resources of the country is discussed, also the importance of 

 circulating and reserve capital (E. S. R., 2-5, p. 595). 



Crop Reporter (U. S. nept. Agr., Bur. Statis. Crop Reporter, I't (1912), No. 

 6, pp. Jfl-Ji8, fig. 1). — Notes and statistics showing cotton condition May 25, 

 and other crop conditions June 1, 1912, with comparisons; farm value of im- 

 portant products on dates indicated; foreign crop conditions; monthly receipts 

 and stocks of eggs and poultry in the United States ; range of prices of agrl- 



