508 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



ber hose removed, 1 cc. of 1 per cent starch solution added, and titrated witli 

 the iodin solution until from 2 to 4 drops produce a deep blue color which per- 

 sists for from 20 to 30 seconds. The number of cubic centimeters of Iodin solu- 

 tion used in the above titration, divided by 0.267, will give the amount of sugar 

 present in milligrams. 



The Andrlik urea method of polarization [in the Clerget process] for 

 cane products, W. E. Cross and W. .G. Taggaet (Internat. Sugar Jour., 13 

 {1911), No. 156, 1)1). 662S6S; al)S. in Jour. Sac. Chein. Inclus., 31 {1912), No. 1, p. 

 37). — While urea and betaiu inhibit inversion to some extent at 28° C, the 

 inhibition is not sufficient to allow a polarization to be made before inversion 

 begins. At 20° inversion is much slower, but even at this temperature inver- 

 sion takes place before a reading can be taken. " Clerget determinations were 

 made, using pure sucrose solutions and a temperature of 20°, with the result 

 that whereas the readings made in the ordinary way gave a value of 100 per 

 cent, with the Andrlik polarization one of 99.41 per cent was obtained. When 

 invert sugar was present, the ordinary Clerget value was 95.97, and using the 

 Andrlik polarization, 99.75." At some lower temperature, perhaps 15°, the 

 authors believe that the method could be -employed, but such a temperature is 

 impracticable in cane-producing countries. 



Determination of sucrose in cane molasses and the double polarization 

 method, using invertase and acid as hydrolysts, J. P. Ogilvie {Internat. 

 Sugar Jour., 14 {1912), No. 158, pp. 89-93; ahs. in Jour. 80c. Chem. Indus., 31 

 {1912), No. 5, pp. 2////, 2//5).— Continuing previous work (E. S. R., 25, p. 208) 

 the invertase method has been extended to the examination of cane molasses. 



The results show "(1) that if in the acid hydrolysis method, the generally em- 

 plo3'ed procedure of using the alkaline direct ix)larization be adopted, the results 

 may be too high to the extent of 0.4 to 1.3 per cent, according to the impurity 

 of the product; (2) that if in the acid hydrolysis method the neutral direct 

 polarization, in place of the alkaline, be used, the results are nearer the truth, 

 but may again be too high, especially when much reducing sugars are present ; 

 and (3) that if in the acid hydrolysis method, the acid dii'ect polarization, as 

 recommended by Andrlik or Pellet, be used, then correct results are obtained." 



In the case of beet-sugar molasses the presence of amino acids vitiates the 

 polariscopic readings, while with cane molasses reducing sugars cause the 

 changes. When basic lead acetate is present the right-handed rotation of a 

 cane molasses solution is increased considerably, while after inversion when 

 the solution is acid this activity is removed and levo-rotation is increased. 

 Therefore the difference between the direct and indirect readings is not simply 

 due to the hydrolized sucrose. 



[Report of the chemists], A. E. Vinson and W. H. Ross {Arizona 8ta. Rpt. 

 1911, pp. 551-562, fig. 1). — ^An illustrated description of an electrical heater for 

 ether extraction is given and its advantages over the old form of extraction 

 apparatus enumerated. Analyses of Salton Sea water are also reported. 



Commercial methods of canning meat, C. N. McBryde (17. S. Dept. Agr. 

 Yearhook 1911, pp. 3S3-390. pis. 3). — This deals with the historical development 

 of the meat canning industry and describes briefly and illustrates the methods 

 practiced at the present day. 



How to pack hominy free from black discoloration and processed so it 

 will keep free from souring or starch hydrolysis (Canner and Dried Fruit 

 Packer, 3-'i {1912), No. 22, pp. 28, 30). — For canning lye hominy 1 bu. of com is 

 placed in a kettle with 1^ gal. lye. The kettle is filled to within 6 in. of the top 

 with water and cooked for 30 minutes or until the hulls can be easily remorved 

 with the fingers. The hominy is run into the hulling machine, feeding slowly, 

 and from there into a washing machine, feeding gradually with a continuous 



