METEOEOLOGY — WATEE. 509 



flow of water. It Is then brought to the bolUng-out kettle where it is cooked 

 for 30 minutes, stirring constantly during the process. The product is filled into 

 No. 3 cans, 14 oz. to the can, covered with a brine made with 21 lbs. salt to 

 200 gal. water, and processed for 2 hours at 240° F. 



METEOROLOGY— WATER. 



How about the weather? M. Schmucker {Wie Wird das Wetter? Dil- 

 lingen, 1911, pp. 8+i^7). — This book deals with a new theory of weather fore- 

 casting, based upon 25 years' observations on the relative motions of the sun, 

 moon, and earth. 



The moon and the weather in 1913, E. J. N. B. Hinselmann (Mond und 

 Wetter im Jalire 1912. Hanover, 1912, pp. 17). — The relation of the moon to 

 the weather Is discussed as well as weather predictions during 1912 based upon 

 lunar observations. The value of such observations and predictions from the 

 agricultui-al standpoint is also briefly discussed. 



Influence of reservoirs on climate (Prometheus, 23 (1912), ^o. 1161, Bcibl., 

 p. 66; ahs. in Wasser u. Abwasser, 5 (1912), No. 9, pp. 376, 377 ) .—Observations, 

 indicating a slight decrease and a moderation of extremes of temperature and 

 an increase of fog as a result of evaporation from reservoirs, are I'eported. 



A contribution to the sums of temperature in phenology, K. Kegyfoky 

 (Met. Ztsehr., 29 (1912), Nos. J. pp. 210-217; 6, pp. 272-281).— The author con- 

 cludes that sums of temperature without knowledge of the temperature varia- 

 tions and factors (sunshine, moisture conditions, etc.) determining them are of 

 no value in phenology. 



Report of the Chief of the Weather Bureau, 1910-11 (U. 8. Dept. Agr., 

 Weather Bur. Rpt. 1910-11, pp. 260, pis. 4). — This contains an administrative 

 report reviewing the work of the Weather Bureau during the fiscal year ended 

 June 30, 1911, at Mount Weather research observatory, on forecasts and warn- 

 ings, and of the river and flood observations and reports, marine, instrument, 

 and climatological divisions, and tables giving a general summary of the 

 weather conditions in the United States by months during the year 1910, list 

 of observing stations and changes therein during 1910, sunshine in 1910, details 

 of excessive precipitation in 1910, monthly and annuaj meteorological sum- 

 maries In 1910, monthly and annual amounts of precipitation in 1910, and 

 monthly and seasonal snowfall in 1910-11. 



" Special attention was given during the year to warnings for the benefit of 

 shippers and growers of perishable products. Forecasts vv'ere sent out daily 

 from a number of our larger stations, giving the probable temperatures likely 

 to be encountered by perishable goods shipped In any direction. 



" Substations were established in the cranberry marshes of Massachusetts, 

 in the citrus fruit districts of Florida, and in some of the orchard districts of 

 Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and California. During the frost 

 season special reports are sent from these substations to the forecast center, 

 where they are used in the preparation of a special forecast in the afternoon 

 or early evening, supplementing the regular morning forecast. By this means 

 the growers are enabled to take such precautionary measures as are available 

 to protect their crops. In Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Utah, Florida, and Cali- 

 fornia the fruit growers smudge and fire when necessary, while in the cran- 

 berry regions the cranberry growers flood their bogs to prevent Injury. In this 

 line of work It has been the policy to furnish the individual with information 

 particularly applicable to his orchard rather than to have him depend upon a 

 general forecast that would apply to a large section but could not accurately 

 cover the section in detail. Effort has also been made to encourage the grow- 



