VETEEINARY MEDICINE. 579 



after 7 to 9 days. It would be interesting to allow infected ticks to bite horses 

 and determine whether the disease can be communicated that way. 



"The serum from horses recovered from spotted fever has protective value. 

 The potency is larjiest after about 12 days from the time of the reappearance of 

 normal temperature. 



" Repeated injection of spotted fever virus increases the potency of the serum 

 materially, but does not produce a second attack of spotted fevei-. 



" One cc. immune horse serum protects guinea pigs injected with spotted fever 

 virus up to, and including, the first day of high temperature. If serum is given 

 later there is no protection. 



"Treatment of guinea pigs, injected with spotted fever virus, with sodium 

 cacodylate and repeated every day, conuuencing with the first appearance of 

 temperature, has no effect on the course of the disease." 



Methods of exterminating the Texas-fever tick, H. W. Geaybill {U. S. 

 Dcpt. Agr., FoDncrs" Bui. //,98, jyp. J/i, figs. 19). — This paper is a revision of 

 Farmers' Bulletin 378 (E. S. R., 22, p. 16.3). 



In regard to the origin and development of general tuberculosis, A. JuE- 

 GEI.UNAS (Ztschr. Hyg. u. Infcktionskrank., 78 (1912), No. 2, pp. 307-."M).—The 

 conclusion reached by this author is that tubercle bacilli of human and bovine 

 origin are simply varieties of the same organism. 



Guinea pigs which were allowed to inhale dry and ordinary cultures of 

 the human typo of bacillus first showtxi the infection in the organs contained 

 in the thoracic cavity. If, however, the animals were given an emulsion of 

 the bacilli by way of the mouth the organisms passed quickest and easiest 

 through the walls of the mouth and tracheal cavities. 



The introduction of the human tji)e of bacillus into the alimentary tract 

 of rabbits in many instances did not cause tuberculosis, whereas bovine 

 tubercle bacilli when given in this manner produced the disease very easily. 

 Cultures of the human type of tubercle bacillus, when fed to suckling pigs, 

 goats and sheep, produced no disease in these animals, while feeding the bovine 

 type will produce tuberculosis. The best subjects for diagnosing the type 

 of tubercle bacillus present in a given case are the rabbit and suckling pig. 



Investigation in regard to the normal temperature of healthy and tuber- 

 culous rabbits as well as the local and general specific capacity of tubercu- 

 lous rabbits to react towards tuberculin preparations, O. Raschke ( Unter- 

 suchitngen itber die Normaltemperatur gcsunder nnd tuherculoser Kaninchen, 

 soivie itber die ortUche tind aUgcmeine spezifische Reaktionsfdhigkeit tuber- 

 kuUJser Kaninchen auf Tubcrkulinpraparatc. Inaug. Diss., Univ., Leipsic, 1911, 

 pp. 66). — The temperature of healthy and artificially infected rabbits was 

 found to fluctuate between 38.8 and 40.1° C, and in about 80 per cent of the 

 animals examined between 39.2 and 39.7°. The ophthalmo reaction, cutaneous 

 reaction, intradermal reaction, and local subcutaneous reaction conducted with 

 phymatin bovis (Klimmer) yielded a large percentage of negative results and 

 can therefore not be considered of any practical value for diagnosing tuber- 

 culosis in rabbits. The subcutaneous thermal reaction on the other hand was 

 found to be satisfactory in doses of from 0.025 to 0.25 cc. 



A bibliography of 50 titles is appended. 



Tuberculosis in man and animal, A. Weber (Centhl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. Abt., 

 Orig., 6 J, (1912), Festschrift F. Loeffler, pp. 21,3-265).— A critical review of work 

 done in regard to the communicability of tuberculosis from animal to man. 



The conclusion reached is that the bovine type of bacillus when compared 

 with the human type plays only a secondary part as far as tuberculosis in man 

 is concerned. Precautionary methods must therefore be directed primarily 

 to preventing the transference of the disease from man to man. 



