ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 655 



but which has hitherto been considered as practically harmless, is here stated 

 to have been found by the author to cause needle-cast, resulting death of branch- 

 lets, cessation of growth in height, forliing, and consequent worthlessness of the 

 poles attacked. Removal of all infected parts and trees is suggested as a pos- 

 sible checlv to the disease. 



Parasitism of Phoradendron juniperinum libocedri, E. P. Meinecke (Abs. 

 in PhytopatJioJogy, 2 (1912), No. 2, p. 92). — The author briefly describes the 

 occurrence of this parasite on Libocedrus decurrens. He concludes that as it 

 is capable of living for a great number of years without developing any green 

 exterior parts, the plant has become a true parasite. 



The use of fungicides to prevent damping off, C. Hartley {Ahs. in Phy- 

 topathology, 2 (1912), No. 2, p. 99). — The author reports the serious damping 

 off of pine seedlings in a nursei-y in western Nebraska, most of the disease 

 being caused by Pythiiim debaryanum, although Fusarium and Rhizoctonia 

 caused some damage. 



Different methods of soil treatment were tested, and it was found that sul- 

 phuric acid gave the best results. This was applied in an aqueous solution at 

 the time of seed sowing, about 0.2 fluid ounce being used per square foot of 

 seed bed. Injui-y to seedlings is prevented by light watering twice daily until 

 germination is complete. 



The detection of inert ingredients of fungicides, E. Wallace and L. H. 

 Evans (Abs. in Phytopathology, 2 (1912), No. 2, p. 95). — A brief account is 

 given of work carried out for the Insecticide and Fungicide Board of this De- 

 partment to test various substances in relation to their action on conidla of 

 Glomerella rufomaculans and Sclcrotinia fructigena. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



Proceedings of the Seventh International Zoological Congress (Proc. 7. 

 Internat. Zool. Cong., 1907 [pub. 1912], pp. 972, figs. 102).— Among the papers 

 of interest to the economic zoologist and entomologist are the following: The 

 Reactions of Sarcophagid Fly Larvre to Light, by W. B. Herms (pp. 152, 153) ; 

 The Immunity of Caterpillars of Galleria melloneUa against Tubercle Bacilli 

 and Some Other Microbes, by S. Metalnikoff (p. 282) ; The Immunity of Cater- 

 pillars of (r. melloneUa to Microbes and Their Diseases, by V. Nedrigailoff 

 (p. 283) ; The Relations Between the Hemipterological Faunas of Europe and 

 North America, by G. Horvath (pp. 560-571) ; The Recent Progress and Pres- 

 ent Condition of Economic Entomology, by L. O. Howard (pp. 572-600) ; 

 Polymorphism in Hemiptera and Some of Its Significances, by H. Osbom (pp. 

 GOl-603) ; The Influence of Minimum Temperatures in Limiting the Northern 

 Distribution of Insects, E. D. Sanderson (pp. 604, 605), previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 20, p. 851) ; A Contribution to Our Knowledge of Insecticides, by 

 C. T. McClintock, E. M. Houghton, and H. C. Hamilton (pp. 613-628), pre- 

 viously noted (E. S. R., 25, p. 362) ; Eradication of The Southern Cattle Tick, 

 by B. H. Ransom (pp. 648-655), previously noted (E. S. R., 24, p. 260) ; Notes 

 on Scutigerella immaculata, its Eggs and Larvae, by S. R. Williams (pp. 656- 

 659) ; Ridding a State of Mosquitoes, by J. B. Smith (pp. 662, 663) ; A Problem 

 in Antigeny, by C. H. Fernald (pp. 664r-667) ; The Influence of Hibernation 

 and Migi-ation on Animal Parasites, by H. B. Ward (pp. 678-684) ; Geograph- 

 ical Variation in Birds with Special Reference to Humidity, by C. W. Beebe 

 (699-701) ; and Distribution of Mosquitoes in North America, by H. G. Dyar 

 (pp. 956, 957). 



66501°— No. 7—12 5 



