ANIMAL PEODUCTION. 673 



3 lbs. undecorticated cotton-seed cake gained 2.5 lbs. per head and day for 18 

 weeks against a corresponding gain of 2.54 lbs. for 3 heifers fed 6 lbs. linseed 

 meal. It is stated as a result of feeding experiments with young cattle that if 

 they could be kept in a thriving instead of a stationary condition all winter 

 the percentage of ^deaths during the spring would be enormously diminished. 



[Dried beet pulp for fattening cattle], J. Mackintosh (Jour. Southeast. 

 Agr. Col. Wye, 1911, No. 20, pp. 31-38).— In tests with steers 1 lb. of beet slices 

 was found to be equivalent to about 8 lbs. of mangels, but it is stated that it 

 is inadvisable to feed more than 7 lbs. of the pulp per head per day. 



Fattening calves in Alabama, D. T. Gbat and W. F. Ward (U. 8. Dept. 

 Agr., Bur. Aniin. Indus. Bui. i//7, pp. JfO, pis. 3). — The data reported in this 

 bulletin have been previously abstracted from another source (E. S. R., 2T, 

 p. 372). 



Sheep feeding and farm management, D. H. Doane (Boston, Ncio York, 

 and London, 1912, pp. XII+12S, pis. 2, figs. 38). — A practical work on modern 

 and profitable methods for buying, feeding, and marketing sheep, based on a 

 study of actual farm practices on farms in different sections of the United 

 States. 



Horse breeding in Tunis, P. Diffloth (Vie Agr. e.t Rurale, 2 (1912). No. 

 8, pp. 193-197; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Bui. Bur. Agr. Intel, and 

 Plant Diseases, 3 (1912), No. 1^, pp. 967, 968). — This discusses the measures by 

 which horses have been improved in Tunis since the French occupation in 1881. 



Investigations into the growth of the hoof of horses, C Schulzk (Monatsh. 

 Prakt. Tierheilk., 22 (1912), No. 1-2, pp. 64-85; abs. in Deut. Landw. Presse, 

 S9 (1912), No. 7, pp. 67, 68; Internat. Inst. Agr. [Borne], Bui. Bur. Agr. Intel, 

 and Plant Diseases, 3 (1912), No. 3, pp. 73-), 735). — The following results were 

 obtained as a result of measuring the growth on 800 hoofs : 



" The growth of the wall of the hoof averages 7.66 mm. per month. Unshod 

 hoofs grow 8.6 mm. on the average per month, and shod hoofs only 6.73 mm. . . . 



" The fore and hind hoofs grow at about the same rate, but the rate of growth 

 of the different hoofs is seldom quite uniform. The hoof growth around the 

 coronet is uniform in 90.6 per cent of all hoofs and irregular in 9.4 per cent. 

 Irregular growth rarely occurs with regular shapes of hoof. 



" When unshod hoofs are shod, there is an arrest of growth. Good care of 

 the hoofs and good shoeing, especially that method of shoeing by which the hoof 

 approximates more to natural conditions (seated shoes and half shoes), may re- 

 duce this injurious effect. 



" The hoofs of horses aged from 5 to 10 years have on the average a monthly 

 growth of 0.29 mm. faster than the hoofs of horses aged from 11 to 19. 



" The color of the hoof has no relationship to its rate of growth. The dura- 

 tion or kind of work does not affect the rapidity of hoof growth to any ascer- 

 tainable extent. 



*' In foundered hoofs the heel grows more rapidly than the toe and quarters. 

 In hoofs shod with bar __shoes the toes grow from 2 to 5 mm. more per month 

 than the remaining wall sections. Injuries to the hoof coronet give rise to an 

 additional growth up to 7 mm. per month in the corresponding part of the wall. 



" Single dressings with cantharis ointment or cauterization of points on the 

 coronet usually result in an increased growth of 3 mm. in the wall in the month 

 following. A better result is obtained by frequently repeated dressings with 

 ointment, but there is no specific capable of permanently increasing the horn 

 production. 



" Hoofs in which the volar or plajitar nerves are severed grow on the 

 average 2.5 mm. per month more than sound hoofs. 



