686 EXPEKIMENT STATION EECOED. 



toryctes) were produced. Young cbickens were more susceptible to the vaccines 

 than older birds. The skin of the thorax was particularly susceptible, more so 

 than that of the wattles. The cornea was less sensitive. By inoculating the 

 skin of the thorax many times successively immunity could not be produced, 

 but inoculating a part of the wattle immunized the barb entirely. The author 

 believes that chickens can be used for controlling vaccine virus. 



An investigation of an outbreak of septicemia in poultry, R. A. Whiting 

 (Amer. Vet. Rev., Jfl (1912), No. Jf, pp. .J56-//55).— A mortality of about 90 per 

 cent in a flock consisting of 70 chickens and 12 turkeys was caused by an 

 organism of the hemorrhagic septicemia group. 



In regard to the growth and virulence of the organisms causing tubercu- 

 losis in fowls, C. Walthee {Arch. Path. Anat. u. Physiol. [Virchow], 207 

 (1912), No. 1, pp. I4O-I48; ahs. in Ztschr. Imtnunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, Ref., 

 5 (1912), No. 3, p. 19). — There are strains of the avian tubercle bacilli which 

 culturally resemble the human type of bacilli, and which on inoculation (crude 

 material or fresh cultures) show a high virulence for guinea pigs. After cul- 

 tivating these organisms for a longer time than usual on artificial media the 

 strains become more like the regulation avian tubercle bacilli. No appreciable 

 reduction in virulence, as noted by other workers, could be determined. 



RURAL ENGINEERING. 



Irrigation: Its principles and practice as a branch of engineering, H. 

 Brown (London, 1912, 2. ed., rev., pp. xr+301, pis. 9, figs. 68).— This work 

 deals with the practice of irrigation as a branch of engineering, sets forth the 

 fundamental principles that should govern such practice and furnishes illus- 

 trations of their application to existing canal systems. It contains chapters on 

 irrigation and its effects; basin irrigation; perennial irrigation and water 

 "duty ; sources of supply ; dams and reservoirs ; methods of construction ; means 

 of distribution; masonry works; methods of distribution, assessment of rates, 

 and administration ; river training ; agricultural operations and reclamation 

 works ; and navigation. 



Some methods of measuring irrigation water practiced by the United 

 States Reclamation Service (Engin. and Contract., 38 (1912), No. 8, pp. 215- 

 217, figs. 13). — This is an abstract of a paper read by W. G. Steward before 

 the Idaho Engineering Society, in which he describes canal, weir, and auto- 

 matic gages, and gives discharge tables and discharge curves for different 

 weirs and orifices used in water measurement under varying circumstances. 



Irrigation: California, R. P. Teele (Washington: Bur. Census [U. S.], 

 1910, pp. lit, figs. 2). — This article contains irrigation statistics for California 

 dealing with the farms, acreage, and crops irrigated, irrigation works, and the 

 cost of construction, operation, and maintenance. 



Twenty-second annual report of the hydraulic engineer, J. B. Henderson 

 (Ann. Rpt. Hydraul. Engin. Queensland, 22 (1911), pp. 22-\-68, pis. 36).— 

 This reports the results of irrigation, power, and underground water investi- 

 gations and surveys, and gives rainfall and hydrographic data and maps. 



Experiments on the use of water for irrigation in South Africa, J. Mxtllie 

 (Bui. Agr. Congo Beige, 3 (1912), No. 2, pp. .'/Si-//57, figs. 2).— A discussion of 

 the methods of irrigation employed, the duty of water, the drainage of irri- 

 gated soils, and the amount and frequency of irrigation required to satisfy the 

 crops and soil conditions in South Africa. 



Construction difficulties in the draining of irrigated lands, R. A. Hart 

 (Nut. Land and Irrig. Jour., 6 (1912), No. 2, pp. 23-27, figs. 6).— It is stated 



