DISEASES OF PLANTS. 851 



The conditions for development of grape mildew, L. Ravaz and G. Verge 

 (Les Conditions de D^veloppemcnt du Mildiou de la Vigne. Montpellier, 1912, 

 pp. 61, figs. 9). — The authors here present in connected form the results of 

 their studies on the conditions controlling the development of grape mildew, 

 most of which have already been previously noted (E. S. R., 27, p. 449). 



Third year's experiments in the treatment of grapevine mildew in the 

 Bombay Presidency, W. Burns and G. B. Patwardhan (Dept. Agr. Bombay 

 Bui. 51, 1912, pp. 6). — In the third year of experimenting for the control of 

 grape mildew (E. S. R., 27, p. 49) sprayings from 3 to 5 in number were given 

 in 3 districts. The resulting percentages of mildewed grapes ranged from 1.7 

 to 21, averaging 9.7 per cent, for sr^rayed vines ; and from 42 to 100 per cent, 

 averaging 68.8 per cent, for unsprayed vines. The sprayings recommended 

 employ Bordeaux mixture of full strength about the middle of May. August, 

 and October, and of half strength again about the first of December and January 

 with plenty of soap to make the fungicide stick to the bunches. 



The amount of copper left on the grai)es was not considered deleterious to 

 users and the stains were found to be easily removable by simply dipping in 

 weak vinegar or soaking in clean water over night. 



A new plan of attack on grape mildew, H. Faes (BuJ. Soc. Agr. France, 

 1912, May 15, pp. 513-523). — The substance of this article has already been 

 noted (E. S. R.. 26, p. 550). 



The spread of American gooseberry mildew, S. Castle {Gard. Chron., 3. 

 ser., 52 {1912). No. 133S, p. 138).— The author reports that in the neighborhood 

 of Wisbech the American gooseberry mildew is making rapid headway in spite 

 of all efforts looking toward its control. 



Two fungus diseases of tulip bulbs, A. A. Elenkin (Zhur. Boliezni Rast., 

 5 {1911), No. 5-6, pp. 105-12^; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Bui. Bur. 

 Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 3 {1912), No. i, pp. 1066, i067).— Tulip bulbs 

 were attacked by two different fungi, the first being recognized as Botryiis 

 cinerea, the second in form and habits somewhat resembling Sclerotium tuii- 

 parum, and possibly being identical therewith. The two are usually found on 

 the same bulb, rarely attacking separate plants. Methwls of control recom- 

 mended are uprooting and burning of affected bulbs, and disinfection of the soil 

 with carbolineum. 



A new bacterium causing a disease of Matthiola annua, G. Briosi and L. 

 Pavarino {Atti R. Accad. Lincei, Rend. CI. Sci. Fis., Mat. c Nat., 5. ser., 21 

 {1912), II, No. 3, pp. 216-220). — A disease of M. annua is described which, it is 

 said, may extend to any part of the plant. A bacterium was isolated and 

 cultivated to which the disease is ascribed. The organism is claimed to be new 

 and has received the name Bacterium nwtthiolo'. 



Observations on Asarum europseum and its mycorrhiza, E. J. Schwartz 

 {Ann. Bot. [London], 26 {1912), No. 103, pp. 769-776, pis. 2).— As a result of 

 the author's investigations, it is stated that A. europceum harbors in its roots a 

 fungus very similar to those of Thismia aseroe and Ncottia nidus-avis, and 

 limited to the cortical region abutting on the steles of the young roots. Thick- 

 walled swellings found on some hyphse are said to represent a resting stage of 

 the fungus. A bibliography is appended. 



Knobs and exostoses on trees, E. Lem^e {Rev. Hort. [Paris], 8^ {1912), 

 No. 14, pp. 336-338, figs. 16). — Attention is called to various kinds of swellings 

 and excrescenses on roots, trunks, limbs, and twigs of certain trees, known or 

 suspected to be due to the activity of fungi or other parasites. 



Studies on gum flow and frost injuries of various trees, II, P. Sorauer 

 {Landw. Jahrb., 41 {1911), No. 1, pp. 131-162, pis. 2; abs. in Bot. Qaz., 54 

 (1912), No. 2, pp. 173, 174)' — ^^ continuation of previous work on the factors 



