ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 8Y5 



The hog-motor lot made an average daily gain of 1.49 lbs. each, requiring 5.63 

 lbs. grain per pound of gain. The self-feeder lot made an average daily gain 

 of 1.56 lbs. each, requiring 5.72 lbs. grain per pound of gain. 



The feeding of pig-s, C. B. Jones {Univ. Col. Wales, Agr. Dept. Bui. 1 [1912], 

 pp. IJt, 15). — In an experiment witk 6 pigs which lasted about 6 weeks the 3 

 fed boiled potatoes gained 25 lbs. more than the 3 fed raw potatoes with other- 

 wise similar rations. When the cost of cooking, however, was added the actual 

 gain in money for cooked potatoes was small. 



[Swine breeding], Schroedeb et al. (IUus. Landiv. Ztg., 32 (1912), No. 75, 

 pp. 685-69S, pi. 1, figs. 293). — This number is devoted especially to swine breed- 

 ing, containing several articles on methods practiced by swine breeders in 

 different parts of Germany, the cost of pork production, and related topics. 



On ovariotomy in sows, with observations on the mammary glands and 

 the internal genital organs, R. J. J. Mackenzie and F. H. A. Marshall {Jour. 

 Agr. 8ci., Jf {1912), No. J/, pp. 1/10-420, pis. 2). — Observations upon sows confirm 

 the view that the ovaries are an essential factor in mammary growth, or at 

 any rate in such mammary growth as occurs in nonpregnant animals. The 

 mammary glands apparently undergo cyclical changes corresponding to those 

 which take place in the internal generative organs during the estrous cycle. 

 Changes taking place in the tissues of the mammary region in sows during 

 heat consisted mainly of a congestion of the glands. These changes are of much 

 importance because the part affected in the pig is of much commercial value, 

 there being cousidei'able loss in the quality of the bacon when animals are 

 killed for meat during this jioriod. 



In black pigs the case was found to be complicated because of the occurrence 

 of melanic pigment in the mammary region, but as far as the authors were 

 able to determine this pigment is not derived fi'om extrava.sated blood and has 

 no connection with the occurrence of heat. The pigment is probably similar 

 in kind to the melanic pigment of the hair, and the bacon manufacturer who 

 wishes to differentiate between sows slaughtered at this period and other sows 

 can not I'ely upon this pigment as a guide. Since ovulation occurs during 

 estrum and not during proestrum it is advisable to hog the sow during the end 

 of the period, and the practice of turning the boar loose to a considerable num- 

 ber of sows is deprecated. 



Curing of Italian hams, J. A. Smith et al. {Daily Cons, and Trade Rpts. 

 [U. 8.], 15 {1912), No. 2.'i9, pp. 58.5-388).— This describes the various methods 

 of curing hams in different parts of Italy. 



Studies on horse breeding, R. Motloch {Studien iiher Pferdezucht. Haiv- 

 nover, 1911, pp. VIII +125, figs. 13; ads. in Zentbl. Agr. Chem., 41 {1912), No. 8, 

 pp. 573, 57.'j). — This discusses inheritance, inbreeding, early maturing, and 

 related problems, based largely on experience in breeding horses in Hungary. 



A brief study on the breeding of army horses in Sao Paulo, A. Fomm 

 {Criador Paulista, 7 {1912), No. 62, pp. 1289-1306, figs. 17).— A discussion of 

 the type of horses needed for the Brazilian army, and methods of improvement 

 by proper selection of breeding stock. 



The Zmudian horse, I. voN Mokaczewski {Mitt. Landw. Inst. Breslau, 6 

 {1912), No. 4, pp. 563-600, fig. 1). — A history, characteristics, and measure- 

 ments are given of the native horse of Zmudz (Samogitia). 



The heredity of racing stamina in the thoroughbred horse, J. B. Robertson 

 {Mendel Jour., 1912, No. 3, pp. 37-92). — A discussion of the physiological prop- 

 erties of the muscle and to what extent they are inherited. There is also a 

 Mendelian analysis of data gathered from racing calendars and stud books in 

 regard to types of race horses, the relative staying power of mares and horses, 



