350 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



tli.-it nevor before luul there been so mncli done by fruit growers for the destruc- 

 tion of the scale. 2sursei-y stoclv can be imported into Canada only at Vancouver, 

 B. C, \Vinnii)eji;, Man., Windsor, Out., Niagara Falls, Out., St. John's, Que., and 

 St. John. .X. 15. At these points the Dominion government maintains houses 

 for the fumigation of all nursery stock entering from countries known to be 

 infested by the San Jose scale. The formula used at these stations is 1 oz. of 

 cyanid of potassium (98 per cent), 1 oz. of commercial sulphuric acid (66°B.), 

 and 3 oz. of water for every 100 cu. ft. of space, and all nursery stock is exposed 

 to the gas generated by this mixture for 4.5 minutes. 



Dejtredations by the rose chafer {Macrodactijlus siihspinosus) were so serious 

 that in many vineyards the whole crop was destroyed. In combating the brown- 

 tail moth in Nova Scotia, a bounty of 10 cts. per nest was paid on about 3,500 

 nests after identification by stated qualified officials. Throughout the whole of 

 eastern Canada considerable damage was done to forest trees of several kinds, 

 such as hickory, elm, birch, a,sh, and basswood by the hickory tussock moth 

 (HaUsidota canja'). The rusty tussock moth {Notolophus untiqua) was the 

 source of injury to api»le and other fruit trees. 



The report of the apiarist, D. D. Gray, is included. Instructions are also 

 given for the sending of insects through the mail. 



[Report of] the professor of entomology and zoology, C. J. S. Bethune 

 (Ann. h'i)t. Oiilario .[(/r. Col. and E.rpf. Faint, 3't (IHOS), pp. 2J,-35, floa. 3). — 

 Among the forest and shade tree insects of which reports were received from 

 correspondents were the fir sawfly (Lophyrus abietis). which defoliated peach 

 trees at Whitby; the larch sawfly (Nematus erichsonU), which destroyed enor- 

 mous numbers of tamaracks on the north shore of Lake Superior; and the car- 

 penter ant, which injured basswood trees. Gossyparia ulmi appeared in large 

 numbers on an elm at Toronto, while the spruce gall louse, tussock moth, 

 pigeon tremex, and Eriophyes galls were very abundant. 



Farm crops were as a rule little affected during the year under report, the 

 chief injury being that to turnips and cabliage by plant lice. The brown rot 

 fungus i^rlcrotina fructiffcna) was found to be the prol)able cause of the ab- 

 normally large amount of gunmiy exudation on iieach trees in Niagara County. 

 A vigorous warfare is reported to have been carried on in various districts 

 against the oyster-shell scale as a result of which many orchards are now almost 

 free from the pest. The leaf blister mite of the apple and pear is rapidly spread- 

 ing. In Prince Edward County the apple maggot was a source of considerable 

 damage. Much of the injury that has been charged to the lesser apple worm 

 is considered to be due to other pests. The fruit-tree bark beetle threatens to 

 become very destructive in the Niagara district. 



In reporting insecticide experiments it is stated that jioisoned bran was 

 found to be remarkably successful as a remedy for cutworms. Pyrethrum used 

 dry is repoi'ted to have killed all the cabbage worms and chrysalids that it 

 came in contact with. Kerosene emulsion at the strength of 6§ per cent kero- 

 sene, whale-oil soap 1 lb. to 6 gal. of water, and soapsuds 1 lb. of soap to 4 gal. 

 of water all gave about the same results when used against plant lice. A test 

 made with the commercial lime-sulphur seemed to indicate that this mixture 

 at the ordinary reeonmiended summer strength would not kill the apple aphis. 



The gipsy and brown-tail moths, W. Stuart (Vennont Sta. Circ. 2, pp. li, 

 figs. 9). — While these two pests ha've not yet invaded Vermont, they may be 

 expected to do so at any time. Illustrations are presented of the stages of the 

 pests, in order that they may be identified and dealt with when they appear. 



The life history of the Argentine ant, W^ Newell {Jour. Econ. Ent., 2 

 {Um), No. 2, pp. 114-192, pis. 3, figs. 4).— This is a detailed account of in- 



