DISEASES OF PLANTS. 145 



Anions tlio orcluinl diseiises nnder observation were tlie black rot, bitter rot, 

 brown rot, pink rot, and species of Penicillinm, Botrytis, Rhizopus, and Alter- 

 iiaria. lu addition 4 other rots were observed, wliicli are caused either by un- 

 described species or fungi that have not been reported as causing apple decays. 

 A brief account is given of tlie development of the apple scab ( Venturia in- 

 aquaUa) on apples in storage. This was believed to be due to several factors, 

 the principal one being that the entire growing and harvesting season was 

 very wet so that tlie vegetative development of the fungus continued up to and 

 during the harvest time. The moist apples, covered with spores, were placed 

 in rather warm cellars, resulting in tlie infection of the fruit and the foi-mation 

 of small scab spots in storage. 



In continuation of previous investigations (E. S. R., 19, p. 955), the author 

 has made a study of the development of potato scab on limed soils and has 

 found that the effect of lime on the amount of scab is fully as great at tlie end 

 <if 3 years as at the end of 2. In the author's experiments, planting 2 successive 

 crops of iiotatoes largely increased the amount of scab on limed soil. The per- 

 centage of scabbed potatoes was decidedly greater on the limed than on the un- 

 limed plats and was almost in direct proportion to the increase in the quantity 

 applied. 



Some experiments are reported on the use of self-boiled lime-sulphur as a 

 substitute for Bordeaux mixture for apple scab, which seem to indicate that 

 this fungicide is of considerable value, particularly for use in connection with 

 varieties of apples that are susceptible to Bordeaux injury. 



A study hiis been made of the weather records at the station in relation to 

 winter injury of fruit trees, and the conclusion is reached that it would be 

 unsafe to invest much money in attempting to grow any but the most hardy 

 varieties of apples in those portions of the State where the lowest winter 

 temjierature reaches — 30° F. 



A note is given on crotch injury of apple trees, which resembles that de- 

 scribed in a publication of the New York Cornell Station (E. S. R., 17, p. 1083), 

 and there attributed to Bacillus amylovorous. Repeated attempts to isolate 

 the bacteria or fungi from infected material failed to show the presence of any 

 organism, and as the injury seemed to be coincident and associated with the 

 winterkilling resulting from the severe winter of 1900-7, it is believed that 

 the low temperature was responsible for the injury in this case. 



Notes are given on the winter injury of white pine in 190S, particularly of 

 the young trees which are springing up over waste lands and abandoned 

 pastures. No fungus appears to be associated with the disease and the injury 

 is attributed to excessive transpiration during very cold weathei'. The disease 

 is believed to be identical with that described in a publication of the Forest 

 Service (E. S. R.. 20, p. .549). 



Some bacterial diseases of plants, W. G. Sackett {Colorado Stn. Bui. 13S, 

 pp. 3-23). — The purpose of this bulletin is to call attention to some of the more 

 common bacterial diseases of plants that are either known to be present in the 

 State or which may be exiiected in the future. The diseases described are the 

 bacterial disease of alfalfa; pear blight; soft rot of the sugar beet; black rot 

 of cabbage; blight of the potato, tomato, eggi)lant, and tobacco; bacteriosis of 

 l)eans; and wilt of the cucumber, cantaloup, and squash. 



Notes on plant diseases occurring' in North Carolina. F. L. Stevens and 

 J. G. Hall (Xorth Carolina Sta. Rpt. J90S, pp. 66-H2. figs. /O).— The distribu- 

 tion and economic imi)ortance of a number of the more connnon diseases that 

 have been re])orted in North Carolina are described, and notes given on their 

 control so far as definite means are known. The arrangement is alphabetical 

 by host plants. 



