458 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



to pupate it packs its burrow in two places with pellets of fiber scraped from 

 the surrounding cane. Tbe pupa changes to the adult insect in about 2 weeks. 

 Tyroglj/phii.s cocciphilns is said to enter the egg chambers of the beetle when 

 they are opened and destroys the eggs. Two species of hymenopterous para- 

 sites, one a Macrodyctiuni, were found attacking the larva?. 



Very little preference appears to be shown by either of these two pests for 

 any particular species or variety of grape. The same remedies apply to both 

 pests, and consist of cutting off the injured canes below the wounds in July and 

 burning them together with all litter accumulated beneath the vines. Spraying 

 in May and June with arsenical poisons, as is required for holding other pests in 

 check, will destroy the images. 



A new Tetranychus, N. Banks (Proc. Ent. 8oc. Wash., 10 {1908), Nos. 1-2, 

 p^ S6). — Tetranychus opuntice, a species collected from the prickly pear cactus 

 in Texas and here described as new, is said to be very injurious to that plant. 



Combating' the coconut palm scale (Aspidiotus destructor), M. Schwartz 

 {Tropenpflanxer, 13 (1909), No. 3, pp. llJi-129). — The author considers the life 

 history and habits of this pest at length. The value of natural enemies is also 

 considered and remedies are discussed. References are given to literature on 

 the subject. 



The leopard moth (Zeuzera pyrina), L. O. Howard and F. H. Chittenden 

 {V. 8. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 109, pp. 8, figs. 2). — This pest, a native of 

 Europe, and first reported in the United States in 1ST9, has now become a 

 source of injury to many kinds of shade and ornamental trees in New York, 

 New Jersey, and some of the New England States. Orchards also are often 

 injured. 



The larvae do not feed upon the foliage, but bore in the trunks and branches. 

 The work has the effect of girdling, the injured portions being blown down 

 by heavy windstorms, while in the case of severe attack the growth of the 

 tree is checked, frequently causing its death. The eggs are deposited in the 

 soft tissues of the young growth. The larvre hatch out in about 10 days, and 

 penetrate the wood, where they remain for nearly 2 years before pupating 

 within the burrow. 



No specific natural enemies of the pest have been recorded in this country. 

 The most eflicacious remedial measure consists in cutting off and destroying 

 the affected branches, and in the injection of bisulphid of carbon into the holes 

 or burrows where the larvfe are at work. 



The green-striped maple worm (Anisota rubicunda), L. O. Howard and 

 F. H. Chittenden (U. 8. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 110, pp. 7, figs. 3). — This 

 species attacks maples of all kinds, including the sugar maple, and is especially 

 partial to silver and swamp maples. It also feeds occasionally on boxelder, 

 and will defoliate oak in the absence of its favorite food trees. The pest is a 

 native of North America, more abundant in the West than in the East. The 

 winter is passed in the pupal stage. The moths issue in May or June, and 

 soon commence depositing their eggs on the underside of the leaves. The 

 larvae hatch out in 8 or 10 days. Four molts are passed in about a month, 

 when they pupate, and about 2 weeks later the moths emerge. In the District 

 of Columbia there are 3 generations a year. An Ichneumon fiy (Limncrium 

 fugitivum), and the tachinids, Frontina frenchii and Belvosia Mfasciata, are 

 parasites of this insect. Arsenicals; trenching, and hand picking are described 

 as remedies. 



Injury to oak forests in Texas by Heterocampa manteo, W. A. Hooker 

 (Proc. Ent. 8oc. Wash., 10 (1908). No. 1-2, pp. 8, 9).— The variable oak-leaf 

 caterpillar (H. manteo) is reported to have defoliated oaks in Lamar and Red 



