ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 459 



River counties, Texas, in 1904. Calosoma scrutator aud C. calkluin were ob- 

 served to be important predaceous enemies of tbe caterpillar. 



Some conmion bagwornis and basketwornis, C. Fuller (Natal Agr. Jour., 

 12 {190'.}), No. 2, tip. 185-1!)5, pis. 2, figs. I'l). — In this account particular atten- 

 tion is given to tbe wattle basworm, which has assumed considerable impor- 

 tance due to the development of the wattle industry in Natal. Biological data 

 from original investigations are reported on this species. Either the applica- 

 tion of arsenlcals or hand picking is recommended as a remedy. 



The Ohio species of the genus Disonycha, L. L. Scott {Ohio Nat., 9 {1909), 

 No. 3, pp. Ji23-.'i30, figs. Jf). — This account includes life history notes on Disony- 

 cha quinqucvittata, a species that feeds upon Salix interior. A bibliographical 

 list is appended. 



A new orchid pest, L. Lindingeb {Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., 25 (1907), 

 Bcihcft 3, pp. 121-12.'i, pJ. 1). — ^Au account is given of Leucodiaspis cockerelU, 

 which has been found by the author on orchids in a garden at Hamburg. 



Crusade against mosquitoes in Leipsic, S. P. Warner {Daily Cons, and 

 Trade Rpts. [U. S.], 1909, No. 3^68, p. 5). — On account of the recent occurrence 

 of many cases of malaria in Leipsic, stringent measures have been adopted ia 

 order to exterminate the Anopheles. Circulars with information, directions, etc., 

 have been supplied and certain dates have been specified between which houses 

 must be searched and the mosquitoes destroyed. Those who fail to comply with 

 the regulations promptly and thoroughly are subject to a fine of about $7.50. 



Mosquitoes destroyed by the nighthawk, A. H. Jennings {Prnc. Eiit. 8oc. 

 Wash., 10 {1908), No. 1-2, pp. 61, 62).— The Cuban nighthawk, warblers, and 

 other birds are reported to have been observed destroying large numbers of 

 mosquitoes on the island of New Providence, Bahamas. 



Larvacides, W. C. Gougas {Rpt. Dcpt. Sanit. Isthmian Canal Com., 1909, Feb., 

 pp. 56-58).— A brief report is given of the larvacides used in dealing with mos- 

 quitoes on the Canal Zone. Difficulties are said to occur in the Tropics that 

 render crude oil less effective than in the temperate zone. A proprietary article 

 known as phinotas oil that has been used is said to have several advantages 

 over crude oil. It is considered desirable that a more effective larvacide be 

 obtained. 



Further report on a disease of bees in the Isle of Wight, W. Malden {Jour. 

 Bd. Agr. [London^, 15 {1909), No. It, pp. 809-825).— This is a continuation of 

 an investigation previously noted (E. S. R., 19, p. 255). 



The characteristic features of the disease are said to be a disinclination to 

 work, some distention of the abdomen, frequently dislocation of the wings, and 

 later inability to fly. These symptoms are unaccompanied by any disease of the 

 brood or combs. Anatomically the majority of diseased bees show great disten- 

 tion of the colon and a fragile condition of the chyle stomach, all the other or- 

 gans being normal. Healthy bees confined to their hives for a few days very 

 closely resemble diseased bees in regard to the condition of their intestinal 

 canals. Histologically the chyle stomach appears to be the only organ affected, 

 and bacteriologically plague-like bacilli were frequently encountered in it, in 

 some cases ai)parently within the epithelial cells. As these bacilli were not 

 found either in the brood of diseased hives or in the chyle stomachs of healthy 

 bees, the author is inclined to regard them as the cause of the disease. The dis- 

 ease then must be I'egai'ded as an infectious one which primarily affects the 

 chyle stomach. 



It is concluded that since remedial measures can not be relied on and as the 

 affected area is at present small, an attempt to eradicate by the destruction of all 

 the diseased stocks would be justifiable. 



