VETERINARY MEDICINE. 483 



redvN-ater investisntions in P.i-itisli Columbia, by T. Bowhill (pp. 115-118), one on 

 glanders by J. G. Kutherford (pp. 120-13G), and the reports of special inspectors 

 are included. An account of the commercial live stock industry in western Can- 

 ada, by J. F. Kobb (pp. 13G-141), concludes the report. 



Report of the division of animal industry, V. A. Norgaaud {Rpt. Bd. Conns. 

 Ayr. (iiid Forestry Ildiraii, .'f (1!)07), pp. 99-202, pis. 6; also Reprint). — This is 

 the third annual report of the veterinarian. 



The most Important work of the division is that of the inspection service, 

 which was established for the purpose of preventing the introduction of dis- 

 eased live stock in the Territory. Rules and regulations governing the importa- 

 tion of live stock, which are said to have been completely revised during the 

 year, are considered. Attention is called to the necessity of compulsory testing 

 of cattle with tuberculin by Federal inspectors before shipping upon the main- 

 land. The importation of dressed meats and dairy products is briefly noted, as 

 is the importation of live stock from New Zealand. 



The author reports that apparently there has been less disease in the live 

 stock during the past year than during the two previous years. The year was 

 unusually favorable for the recovery of horses from osteoporosis or big head. 

 Glanders is said to have caused consideralde loss, two outbreaks with respec- 

 tively 10 and 12 cases having occurred, besides a number of scattering cases, 

 principally on the islands of Hawaii and Oahu. An account by H. B. E'liott 

 under the title Observatious Regarding Glanders on. the Island of Hawaii, is 

 given. Other diseases considered include epizootic laryngitis in horses, acti- 

 nomycosis, eye disease in cattle, enzootic stomatitis in horses, and lead poison- 

 ing in cattle. Information here presented upon the insect pests of live stock 

 has l>een previously noted from another source ( E. S. R., 21, p. IGO). Encour- 

 agement is said to have been given to mule breeding. 



Report of the government veterinary bacteriologist, A. Theileb (Transvaal 

 Dcpt. Ayr. Ann. Rpt. 190S, pp. 55-97). — Further investigations into the disease 

 caused by Piroplasma mutans, are first considered. "Although P. mutans may 

 be seen in smears, yet, unless every other cause can be excluded, it can not 

 safely be said that the animal is suffering at that particular time from P. 

 mutans. and should it die that the cause of death is this form of gall sickness. 

 For instance, in an infection with heartwater complicated with P. mutans, the 

 former can not be determined from a microscopical examination alone owing 

 to its cause being ultra visible; in fact, any disease with a high fever reaction 

 may be responsible for the appearance of P. mutans in an animal immune 

 against this parasite." It is said to have become necessary that a better means 

 of differentiating between P. parvvm and P. m,utans be worked out. 



Having obtained the pure infection of P. mutans it is now possible to make 

 further experiments to elucidate the course of the disease and the relation of 

 ticks to its transmissi(m. Various attempts made to discover a way other than 

 by tick infestation of transmitting the East Coast fever from a sick to a healthy 

 animal have all failed. 



In order to determine the effect of cold upon ticks infected with East Coast 

 fever, experiments were conducted. " The i-esults of these experiments wei*e 

 that (1) a temperature of 0° C. retards the hatching of brown ticks into adults, 

 (2) a temperature of 0° does not interfere with the development of the para- 

 site within the engorged nymphaj, (3) a temperature of 0° does not kill the 

 virus contained in engorged nymplue of the brown tick. In no instance was any 

 difference noted in the virulency of the disease; the only jioint of interest was 

 that the ticks kept at a low temperature molted at a later date than the con- 

 trols, but when the former were placed on suscei)tible cattle these animals 

 promptly contracted the disease and died. In the light of this experience the 



