526 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



movement was 51,430 miles; the greatest (1908), 63,571 miles; the least (1894), 

 36,257 luiles. The mean cloudiness observed was 52.35 per cent. 



Weather summary, Jj. E. Waldron (North Dakota Sta., Rpt. Dickinson 

 Suhstu. 1908, pp. 37, 38). — Temperature and rainfall for each month of 1906, 

 1907, and 1908 are given for the substation at Dickinson, N. Dak. The highest 

 temperature recorded during the 3 years was 102° F., September 7, 1908, the 

 lowest, —35°, January 15, 1907. The average rainfall for the 3 years was 15.11 

 in., being below normal in 1907 and above normal in 1906 and 1908. As a whole, 

 the 3 years were favorable to crop production. 



Distribution of temperature and humidity in the lower layers of the air 

 in the presence of woody plants, L. Rudovitz (Abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. 

 [Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.], 10 (1909), No. 2, jyp. 279-281).— The results of the 

 investigations relating to temperature have been noted from another source 

 (E. S. R., 19, p. 1011). 



As to the distribution of moisture on the soil and the plants, the observations 

 show that in sunshine the maximum absolute humidity was most frequently 

 noted near the surface of the soil and diminished with the distance from the 

 latter. On the other hand, after rains the maximum absolute humidity was 

 observed near the surface of the plant covering, diminishing both upward and 

 downward. When there was no condensation of water vapor the maximum 

 absolute humidity was near the surface of the covering, diminishing thence 

 in both directions. On the other hand, when condensation began near the sur- 

 face of the plant covering, where the greatest cooling occurred, the minimum 

 absolute humidity was observed there, increasing in both directions. 



Dependence of yields on the chief meteorological factors, A. Lazakenko 

 {Tyestnlk Russ. Selsk. Khoz., 1908, No. 24-28; abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. 

 [Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.], 10 {1909), No. 2, pp. 28Jf, 285). — From meteoro- 

 logical data and records of the yields during the years 1893 to 1902 on an estate 

 in the Government of Kharkov, the author draws the following conclusions : 



(1) The yields of both winter and summer cereals depend directly on the 

 amount of precipitation during the entire period of growth and inversely on the 

 sum of temperatures. Millet seemed to be an exception. 



(2) The yields of the winter cereals depended mainly on the precipitation 

 during September and June, the periods of germination and early growth and 

 of intensified growth and heading. The yields were inversely as the tempera- 

 tures during those months. 



(3) Summer cereals are greatly influenced by the precipitation of the pre- 

 ceding fall. 



(4) The yields of summer wheat and oats depended largely upon the precipi- 

 tation during September. May, and June. 



(5) The yields of barley depended upon the precipitation during September, 

 October, and June. 



(6) The gros^ yield of beets depended directly upon the precipitation and 

 inversely upon the sums of temperature during the entire growing period (April 

 seemed to be an exception — a higher temperature during that month appearing 

 to be favorable for the growth of beets) ; while the quality of the yield was in- 

 versely as the cloudiness during July, August, and September. 



On the relation between climate, fertilizing', and yield, H. Quante (Mitt. 

 Landw. Inst. Breslau, Jf (1909), No-. 5, pp. 6^7-701, pis. 2, fig. i).— This article 

 deals especially with statistical methods of so handling data bearing upon the 

 relations of climate, fertilizers, and yield of crops as to bring out their relations. 



Report on the investigation of river pollution and water supplies, J. A. 

 Newlands {Rpt. Bd. Health Conn., 1907-8, pp. 170-235, figs. 2).— It is stated 

 that " during the period covered by this report 298 supplies have been examined, 



