530 EXPJIRIMENT STATION RECORD. 



the nitrogen in ;ill of the manures was utilized to better advantages than it was 

 in (lie presence of 5 gni. of nitrate; (7) equivalent quantities of nitrogen in the 

 form of sodium nitrate, ammonium sulphate, and dried blood were utilized in 

 the order named; (8) equivalent quantities of nitrate and ammonium sulphate, 

 when used together with solid manure, leached, were utilized in the order 

 given; (9) solid and liquid — fresh, solid — fresh, solid and liquid — leached, 

 solid — leached — when used in combination with nitrate, were utilized in the 

 order named; (10) the proportion of nitrogen recovered in the crops ranged 

 from G2.09 per cent to 22.31 per cent." 



The average relative availability of the different nitrogenous materials on 

 all crops for the 10-year period, 1S9S-1907 (taking that of sodium nitrate as 

 100), was as follows: 



Relative (tvailnhility of nitrogen of different fertilizing materials in ei/linder 



experiments. 



Sodium nitrate 100. 



Ammonium sulphate — . 09.7 



Dried blood 04.4 



Solid manure, fresh 35.9 



Solid and liquid manure, fresh 53. 



Solid manure, leached 38. 9 



Solid and liquid manure, leached 43. 1 



The data for the residual effect of the different fertilizers on 1 crop of millet 

 and on 3 crops of corn are reported, showing that entirely apart from the 

 residual effects of the manures themselves, thei'e may be very marked residual 

 effects from the crop residues. 



The results of the observations on denitrification indicate that under ordinary 

 conditions the loss of nitrogen as a result of denitrification is too small to be 

 of serious economic significance. 



A method for the accurate determination of small variations in the nitrogen 

 content of soils is briefly described. 



Experiments on the utilization of nitrogen in fertilizer materials, E. B. 

 VooRHEES and J. G. Lipman (Jour. Indus, and Engin. Chein., /f {1909), No. 7, 

 pp. 397-.'fOS). — This article summarizes some of the results of the experiments 

 carried on by the New Jersey Stations with reference to the relative availability 

 of the nitrogen of the different fertilizers used, as noted above. 



Experiments with calcium cyanamid, D. Kahan {Khozyaistvo, 1908., No. 

 14; abs. in Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. [Russ. Jour. Expt. Landw.], 10 (1909), No. 2, 

 pp. 225, 226). — In sand cultures calcium cyanamid applied 8 days and even 30 

 days before planting interfered with germination. In exi)eriments with soils 

 the best results were obtained when the material was applied 4 days before 

 sowing. In this case the cyanamid was somewhat superior to ammonium 

 sulphate as a fertilizer. 



The toxicity of lime nitrogen and nitrogen lime, KwTi kx (F iihling's Landic. 

 Ztg., 58 (1909), No. 11, pp. 397-404).— The experiments previously noted (E. S. 

 R., 21, p. 24), showing the poisonous effect of these substances on frogs, rabbits, 

 and dogs, are thought not to indicate any serious danger to man in handling 

 the materials. 



The new nitrogenous products, nitrate of lime and cyanamid, C. Pluvinage 

 (Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. VEst-Centre), 30 (1909), No. 25, pp. 753-756).— The 

 rapid progress which has recently been made in the manufacture and agri- 

 cultural utilization of these products is reviewed. 



