184 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Tlie endoparasites reported iuclude 3 species of cestodes (Davainea urogalli, 

 D. ccsticiUnx, and N i/iiiciwlepis microps), 5 species of nematodes, aud 2 species 

 of protozoa. D. urogulli is the commonest and by far the largest tapeworm 

 found by the author in grouse. Trichostrongyliis i)crgracilis, the species of 

 roundworm most commonly met with in grouse, lives in the paired ceca, and is 

 the cause of serious lesions. The fly Scafophaga stcrcorarla, while not a para- 

 site of the grouse, lays its eggs in grouse droppings and its maggots live on and 

 in these dejecta. 



A cause of appendicitis and other intestinal lesions in man and other 

 vertebrates, A. E. .Shiplf.y (Parasitologij, I (IDOS). Xo. '/. pp. 263-270) .—The 

 author's observations on a large number of recently dead or dying grouse lead 

 him to conclude that in many cases death is primarily caused by the presence of 

 pai-asitic worms, either cestodes or nematodes, in various parts of the alimentary 

 canal. Attention is called to striking cases of lesions caused by thread worms, 

 such as ^^clcrostoiiKi (•(jiiiino)!. often found in the colon and cecum of the horse. 

 The author considers in turn the effects upon the intestinal walls of three of the 

 commonest human nematodes, OxywHs vermicularis, Ascaris hunbricoides, and 

 TricJioccphalus IricJi iiiriis. 



The life cycle of Filaria grassii, G. Noe {Atti R. Accad. Lincei, Rend. CI. 8ci. 

 Fis., Mat. e Nat, 5. ser., 11 {1908), I, A'o. .7, pp. 282-293, flgs. J,; abs. in Bui. Inst. 

 Pasteur, 6 (1908), Ao. 15. p. 689). — This large Filaria of the dog has been found 

 by the author to be transmitted by Rliipicephalus sanguineus. The filarial larvje 

 are ingested by the tick in the nymphal stage and complete their development 

 in the adult tick, from which they are later inoculated into the vertebrate host. 

 The fact that the male ticks also serve as intermediate hosts is important as 

 regards the dissemination of the Filaria. An account is given of the develop- 

 ment of the Filaria that takes place within the tick. 



Filaria volvulus, its distribution, structure, and pathological effects, 

 A. C. Parsons {Parasitologg, 1 (1908), Ao. '/, pp. 3.59-368, fig. J). --The author 

 has observed several cases of this infection in northern Nigeria, and concludes 

 that time will prolial)ly show that F. roh-ulus is more common than has hitherto 

 been supposed. "Analogy would lead us to suspect that F. roirulus is trans- 

 mitted by some blood-sucking insect. The geographical distribution of F. vol- 

 vulus, as at present known, seems to correspond more or less with regions in 

 tropical Africa that are associated with such insects as have been proved to act 

 as carrying agents in other parasitical affections." 



Some notes on the hemogregarines parasitic in snakes, C. C. Dobell 

 {Parasitology, 1 {1908), No. .',, pp. 288-295, pi. i).— A list of the snakes infected 

 with hemogregarines is appended to this account. 



A trypanosome and hemogregarine of a tropical American snake, O. M. 

 Wenyon (Parasitology. I {1908). No. .'/, j>p. 3l'i-317, pi. 1). — The author de- 

 scribes a new trypanosome taken from a snake of tropical America as Trypatw- 

 soma crythrolamjm. While hemogregarines are very common in snakes the 

 reverse is said to be the case with trypanosomes. Several observers have re- 

 corded the presence of trypanosomes in snakes, but hitherto no one has given an 

 accurate description of one of these in either the living or stained condition. 



The treatment of trypanosomiasis in horses by orpiment alone or in con- 

 nection with atoxyl, A. Thikoux and L. Teppaz; (Conipt. Rend. Aead. Kc/. 

 [Paris^, I'll' (1908), No. 15. pp. 651, 652). — The diseases caused by Trypanosonta 

 cazalhoui (sounia) and by T. diniorphon have been successfully treated by the 

 combination of orpiment and atoxyl. In exinn-inients conducted all of 3 horses 

 treated were cured. It is possible that M'bori is also curable by thi.s treatment. 

 Two horses suffering with souuia have been treated with success by t)riiimeut 

 alone. 



