VETERINARY MEDICINE. 585 



Investigations on dourine, J. Marek {Detit. Tierdztl. Wchnsehr., 17 {1909), 

 Ko. 10, pp. 133-138; abs. in Jour. Compar. Path, and Ther., 22 (1909), No. 2, pp. 

 169-173). — The author succeeded in conveying dourine of Hungarian origin to 

 horses through the act of coition and by inoculating fresh subjects with secre- 

 tions from sexual organs, with blood, and with the serous contents of the 

 " plaques " from diseased horses. Of 5 horses subcutaneously injected with 

 blood from diseased horses 3 contracted the disease. Attempts to convey the 

 disease to dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs, white rats, and white mice failed, although 

 material containing trypanosomata which always produced the disease in horses 

 was enlployed and was always injected in considerable quantities. 



The experiments show that both European and extra-European dourine are 

 caused by the same micro-organism and therefore represent etiologically a 

 single disease, but the virulence of the organism shows great variations. The 

 fact that Trypanosoma cquiperdum is very seldom present in the circulating 

 blood, especiallj^ in European dourine, explains why no blood-sucking insect 

 plays any intermediate part in spreading the disease. 



Bipolar-staining- bacilli of the fowl cholera type as the cause of wide- 

 spread, acute, and fatal pneumonia in horse and donkey young stock in 

 India. E. C. Webb {Jour. Compar. Path, and Thcr., 22 (1909), No. 2, pp. 

 105-llJt, charts 3). — The author here records an outbreak in India of a disease 

 among young horses and donkeys caused by bipolar-staining cocco-bacilli. 



Investigations on equine contagious pleuro-pneumonia, R. Ostertao 

 (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Hyg. Haustiere, 5 {1909), No. 3-4, pp. 179-223; 

 ahs. in Vet. Rec, 22 {1909), No. 1096, p. 23).— Investigations of this disease 

 have been conducted by the author in collaboration with Bougert, Wolffhiigel, 

 and Grabert. 



They have led to the conclusion that a mixture of bacteria of different kinds, 

 among which are the streptococci of suppuration, is always present in the nasal 

 discharge of horses suffering from the disease, and that the same is true of the 

 nasal mucus in healthy horses. The bacteria could not be found in the expired 

 air, the bronchial mucus, the jugular blood, or the pulmonary blood of horses 

 suffering from the disease but which recover, while in horses which show 

 symptoms of the disease and succumb to pleurisy, streptococci agreeing in 

 characteristics with those of suppuration could be found in the thoracic organs 

 and in some cases also in blood. The authors did not succeed in transmitting 

 the disease to healthy horses by means of the nasal discharge, expired air, 

 pleural exudate, urine, or blood of affected animals, nor could it be transmitted 

 to healthy horses by inoculation with the streptococci of Schutz or the " cocco- 

 bacteria " of Lignieres. 



The employment of iodin in pneumonia, A. C. Newsom (Jour. Compar. Path, 

 and Ther.. 22 {1909), No. 2, pp. l.',3~145).— Of 40 horses treated with iodin 

 between April 30, 1907, and December 15, 1908, but 4 died. The iodin was 

 administered in doses of 1 dram in bolus twice daily from the time diagnosis 

 was made until convalescence was established, or until symptoms of iodism 

 appeared. Where the condition suggested a necessity of stimulants, ether in 

 dram doses was given hypodermically. 



The author concludes from these cases that iodin is well tolerated and can 

 be given in dram doses without fear of harm. He believes these results to have 

 l)een better than those obtained from any other method of treatment with which 

 he is acquainted. 



Treatment of trypanosomiases of horses by orpiment administered alone 

 or with, atoxyl, A. Thiroux and L. Teppaz {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris'], 

 1J,8 {1909), No. 2, pp. 115, 116; Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 23 {1909), No. 5, pp. 426- 



