628 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



eliauged to a deep carmine after the cold uights of the early summer, and a 

 red i>igmeiit was noticed in white geraniums which does not appear when the 

 llowers are grown in greenhouses at high temperatures. Other examples are 

 cited where low temperatures produce red pigments in otherwise white flowers. 



The chemistry of chlorophyll and its relation to the chemistry of the 

 coloring- matter of the blood, L. Makchlewski (Die CJiemie der ChloropliuUe 

 ■uiid Hire Bezichui\(i ziir Chemie dcs Bhitfarbstoffs. Brunswick, 1909, pp. 

 X+187, pis. 7, figs. 6, dgm. ]). — This work is practically a second edition of 

 the author's monograph on the chemistry of chlorophyll, the original of which 

 appeared in volume 8 of Roscoe. Schorlemmer, and Briihl's Handbook of Or- 

 ganic Chemistry. The subject-matter has been rewritten and brought to date. 



After a discussion of the occurrence and functions of chlorophyll, methods 

 are given for its isolation and the spectroscopic ai)pearance of crude and pure 

 chlorophyll is described. The author then takes up the sul).1ect of derivatives 

 of chlorophyll, describing the effect of acids and alkalis on this coloring mate- 

 rial. Chapteis are devoted to the transformation of chlorophyll by animal 

 organisms and to the chemistry of the coloring materials in the blood. The 

 author discusses at some length the relationship between the coloring matter 

 of leaves and that of blood. Some of the phases of this discussion have al- 

 ready been noted (E. S. R.. 20. p. 1026). 



The photodynaniic work of chlorophyll and its relation to photosynthesis 

 in plants, W. Hausmann (Jalirb. Wiss. Bot. [Fringshcim], JfG (1909), A'o. .'i, 

 pp. 599-623). — This is a detailed account of investigations pi-eviously noted 

 (E. S. R.. 21. p. 227). 



The production of anthocyanin as a result of annular decortication, R. 

 Combes (Bui. Soc. Bot. France, 56 (1909), No. 3-.',, m). 227-i?3/).— While 

 studying the formation of anthocyanin in plants in- which the author was ob- 

 serving the reddening of Spirtea prunifoUa and S. paniculata, he observed 

 that when accidentally decorticated the leaves beyond the point where the 

 stem had been ringed turned red, while below they remained a normal color. 

 It was shown that annular decortication of stems resulted in checking the 

 translocation of nutritive substances, notably those formed in the leaves by 

 photosynthesis. This results in an accumulation of carliohyd rates toward the 

 tops of the branches and brings about the production of anthocyanin in the 

 leaves of that part of the stem. 



The development of fat in the black walnut (Juglans nigra), F. M. 

 M'Clenahan (Jour. Amer. Chem. Soc, 31 (1909), No. 9, pp. 1093-1098).— From 

 the author's experimental studies and analyses of black walnut kernels at dif- 

 ferent stages of growth a number of general conclusions were drawn. 



" Starch, sugar, and tannin were absent from the kex'nel at all iteriods of its 

 development. 



" Fuchsin was not able to penetrate into the interior of the kernel cajisule, 

 although it would penetrate the other parts of the nut. 



" Tannin was markedly present in the hull and the tissue of the kernel 

 capsule. 



" When the kernel was entirely a liquid (June 15th) there was a pronounced 

 fluid pressure. 



"The first formation of the .ielly-like kernel was on the interior surface of 

 the capsule tissue. This gradually changed to a white solid, while the jelly-like 

 formation retreated toward the center of the chamber of the capsule, replacing 

 in turn the liquid and finally being itself replaced by the solid kernel. 



■' The fats increase out of all proportion to the increase or decrease of other 

 constituents. . . . 



