ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 655 



(juontly occurs iu groat luinihcrs aiul causes niucli (laiiiaf^c to the roots of the 

 sweet potato. 



The pickle worm (DiapJiaiiia hj/aliiiata) is reported as causiug considerable 

 iujury to cucumbers and pumpiilus. It is parasitized to some extent by both 

 dipterous aud bymenopterous parasites. PajHlio imlyxcncs has been observed 

 at the station feeding on tlie parsnij). Nematodes have been found to cause some 

 loss to tomatoes. The Insects most injurious to stored seeds in Cuba are Calan- 

 dia «r!/za\ BrucJius obtcctus, Bruehns sp., Spcnnopliaiju.'^ jH'ctoralis, and a 

 minute moth. 



The cabbage and related plants suffer from a leaf and stem rot, which is 

 evidently caused by Bacterium campcstris. The leaf spot or blight (Scptoria 

 hjcopcrsici) and the leaf mold (Cladosporium fulvum) have been found quite 

 commonly on tomatoes. A bacterial tomato blight has been recognized in the 

 sandy lands of Pinar del Rio, where it causes some loss. In the year 1906-7 

 there was a great deal of trouble in the Pinar del Rio vegetable districts from 

 a rot which attacks fruit of the tomato at the blossom end. Comijlaints were 

 received from the Giiines district of a brown rot of green tomatoes, which 

 appears to be due to a Rhizoctonia. 



The diseases of eggplants here mentioned include leaf spot (Phj/Uosticta Jwr- 

 torum), a stem disease, a wilt disease, and scab. The diseases of peppers 

 mentioned are a fungus disease of the roots, probably due to Sclerotiuni sp., 

 and a fungus disease of tlie leaves {Cercospora sp.). Cucumbers, muskmelons, 

 and watermelons suffer from a leaf blight or mildew ( PUisinopara cuhciiKifi). 

 Then bean diseases mentioned are pod rot caused by the fungus Collrctotrichum 

 Undcmuthianum and a mildew (OhJiiim sp.). Celery at the station during the 

 winter of 1904-5 suffered a severe attack of leaf spot, caused by the fungus 

 Cercospora apii. Okra is attacked by leaf spot, due to Cercospora hibi.sci. A 

 number of complaints of scabby potatoes have been reported. 



Remedies for the insect pests and diseases reported are briefly considered. 



The insect and other allied pests of orchard, bush, and hothouse finiits, 

 F. V. Theobald (Wye, 1909, pp. XVI-\-550, figs. 328).— This book is said to be 

 written solely with the object of placing before fruit growers, gardeners, and 

 amateurs an account of the insects, mites, and worms which attack and cause 

 disease among fruit trees, bushes, etc., both in the open and under glass. The 

 author considers in consecutive order the insects injurious to the apple, apricot, 

 cherry, currants, damson, fig, gooseberry, loganberry, nuts, peach, pear, plum, 

 pineapple, quince, raspberry, strawberry, and grape. Accounts of some insects 

 which might become pests in the country owing to importation, beneficial insects, 

 and washes and fumigants used in insecticides and acaricides, together with 

 other data, are appended. 



Poisoned bait for fruit fly, C. W. Mally {Agr. Jour. Cape Good Hope, 

 S.'i (1909), No. 6, pp. 620-633, pi. 1, figs. 5).— A practical test of the poisoned 

 bait method for destroying the fruit fiy. carried on from January to Ai)ril, 

 1909, in continuation of work conducted during 1903-4, previoiisly noted 

 (E. S. R., 16, p. 991), indicated that the pest can be almost completely con- 

 trolled under orchard conditions by means of a very light sprinkling of a 

 poisoned sweet over the trees just before or during the ripening period of the 

 fruit. 



In the experiment reported, the formula sugar 2 lbs. and arsenate of lead 4 oz., 

 dissolved in cold water 4 gal., was used. The bait was ai)plied by means of a 

 common brass garden syringe, using the finest, slightly convex rose, which 

 broke the liquid up into iinnnnerable small drops as it was forced over the 

 trees, thus enabling it in descending to be evenly distributed in the form of 



13042—09 5 



