672 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



lished, though its manifestations may not be otherwise different from rever- 

 sions that occur Nvithout hybridization." 



Domesticated animals of the Altai-Kalmucks, T. Noack {Zool. Ans., S-i 

 (1909), Nos. 22-23, pj). 683-695 ; 24-25, pp. 750-760).— From an anatomical 

 study of the domesticated animals of the Kalmuclc population in the region 

 of the Altai mountains the author thinljs that the dog is of the same type as 

 the north Russian and north Asiatic laika dog ; the cat, a near relative of Felis 

 microtis; the sheep, closely allied to Oris arkal; and the cattle, which ai-e 

 similar to those of the Kirgis, appear to be a cross between Bos hrachyccros 

 and B. primigenius. 



The possible ancestors of the horses living under domestication, J. C. 

 EWART (Science, n. set:, 30 (1909), No. 763, pp. 219-223; Proc. Roy. Boc. [Lon- 

 don], Ser. B, 81 (1909), No. B 549, pp. 392-3.07 ) .—These are abstracts of a 

 paper presented before the Royal Society, London. 



The anatomical differences of 6 species, the possible ancestors of the domes- 

 tic horse, are briefly described. Three of these species, which have been found 

 in the Pliocene deposits, are Equus sivalcnsis, the oldest true horse known to 

 science, found in the Siwalik deposits of northern India, E. stenonis of Europe 

 and northern Africa, and E. gracilis (Asinns fossiJis of Owen), also found in 

 Europe and Africa. The three principal Pleistocene types are E. namadicus, 

 E. fossilis, and E. robiistus. Some relationships between these species and 

 the modern breeds are briefly noted. 



Capturing and domesticating' mountain sheep, W. Frakes (Recreation, 30 

 (1909), No. 4, pp. 184, 185, figs. 5). — This is an account of the author's expe- 

 rience with the California or Nelson's sheep, a somewhat smaller animal than 

 the bighorn or Rocky Mountain sheep. Though they are wild, difficult to cap- 

 ture, and subject to pneumonia when exposed to rain storms, it is possible 

 to tame them and keep them in good health in captivity if properly cared for. 



The evolution of a breed of cattle, J. Wilson (Mark Lane Express, 102 

 (1909), No. 406S, p. 293). — This is an abstract of a paper read before the 

 British Association at Winnipeg, 1909. 



The Aberdeen-Angus breed is used to illustrate the fact that nearly every 

 breed of cattle is the result of crossing several breeds. The races which may 

 be considered as factors in the origin of this breed are the TJrus, the black 

 Celtic brought to Britain before the TJrus became extinct iu the Bronze Age, 

 the brown race of the Belgfe, the white race of the Romans, and the hornless 

 breed of the Norsemen. In the eighteenth century many large Dutch-flecked 

 cattle were taken to the northeast of Scotland and crossed with the native 

 stock, thereby increasing the size. When iu the middle of the eighteenth cen- 

 tury a demand for hornless cattle arose in England, the large horned cattle 

 were crossed with the Norse hornless, finally resulting in the modern Aber- 

 deen-Angus stock. 



Some early history concerning the Shorthorn breed in New England, 

 E. W. Morse (Neiv England Farmer, 87 (1908), No. 9, p. 8).— Brief notes on 

 early importations of pure-bred Shorthorns and their influence on cattle breed- 

 ing in New England. 



Bovines and their products, A. Gindre de Malherbe (Les Races Bovines 

 ct Leitrs Produits. Paris, 190S, pp. LVI+591, pis. 6, figs. 136). — This is a popu- 

 lar work on modern breeds of cattle and other species of the genus Bos, feeding 

 and rearing cattle, dairying, dieseases of cattle, and European cattle legislation. 



Catalogue of the cattle exhibit of the Hoorn division of the Holland Agri- 

 cultural Society and the provincial union of breeders' associations (Cata- 

 logus der TectentoonsteUing Samengesteld door de Hollandsche Maatschappij van 



