276 



EXPERIMENT STATION" EECORD. 



ing cows at one tinu». The cost of oiterating two iiiachiiios hy electric motor 

 was about 4 cts. per hour, where electric current was used." 



In answer to inquiries of 41 dairy farmers, covering periods of 1 montli to 

 over 2 years, 27 reported favorable results with the machine, S were undecided, 

 and 6 were unfavorable. 



It is concluded from the Investigation that " the success of machine milking 

 depends largely upon the man opei'ating the machine; in herds of 30 cows or 

 more machine milking is both practical and economical and the machine itself 

 seems durable and efficient, provided it is properly cared for by an efficient 

 operator." 



Bacterial efficiency of the milking machine, Elizabeth B. Meek iPcnnsyh- 

 rania *S7«. lii)t. 190S, pi). I'llj-lo!)). — There were examined 12!) samples of hand- 

 drawn and 136 samples of machine-drawn milk. The germ content of the 

 milk drawn by a machine was found to be the larger, but there was a gradual 

 diminution in both hand-drawn and machine-drawn milk as there was in- 

 creased attention to details at the barn. 



" The number of bacteria per cubic centimeter varied widely from day to 

 day, but a sudden increase could almost invariably be accounted for in lack 

 of power to steam the machine or negligence in cleaning stable or cows. . . . 

 Several times when the samples were unexpectedly taken there was an increase, 

 in one instance, from 00,000 to 300,000, in another to 500,000 per cul)ic 

 centimeter." 



How prolific a source in increasing bacterial content the machine may be 

 when it receives scant attention is seen in the following table, which shows 

 how the l)acteria in rinsing decreased as the machine was more carefully 

 washed and hose and cups kept in brine : 



[Nuuihrr of] huctcria per cuhic centimeter of icater passed fJirough mUking 



machine. 



The results are regarded as merely preliminary. 



Milch cows and the production of store stock, K. J. J. Mackenzie {Jour. 

 Roy. Agr. Soc. England, 6!) (lf)08), pp. 79-9.'f, figs. 5). — In this article the 

 characteristics of the dual-purpose cow are discussed. The author believes that 

 dairymen can breed " large-framed cows of milking capacity far greater than 

 the average found at present among dairy herds as will either in themselves 

 when dry or through their male offspring supply material with which no 

 reasonable feeder can for a moment find fault." 



Tests of dairy cows, 1907-8, F. W. Woll and R. T. Harris {Wisconsin Sta. 

 Bui. 112, pp. 3-33, figs. 18). — During the year 1.327 tests of 418 cows were made, 

 the results of which are reported in this bulletin. The cows tested included 

 264 Holsteins, 137 Guernseys, 14 Jerseys, and 3 grades. Photographs of some 

 of the best cows tested during the year are reproduced in the bulletin. The 

 rules governing the dairy test and the schedule of charges for making the 

 tests are appended. 



The amount of milk fat produced by milch goats and sheep, A. Morgen 

 {Landiv. Vers, Stat., 69 {1908), No. 3-J,, pp. 295-316).— The amount of milk 

 fat produced by 2 goats was determined for the entire lactation ijeriod. One 



