VETEEINAKY MEDTCINE. 683 



The evacuation of tubercle bacilli with the bile in the intestine of animals 

 affected with latent lesions, A. Calmette ami C. Guerin [VoniiJt. Rend. Acad. 

 Sci. [Paris], 1J,8 (1909), No. 10, pp. 601-603).— In continuation of investiga- 

 tions previously noted (E. S. R., 21, p. 178), the authors find that a part of the 

 bacilli introduced into the circulation can be eliuilnated by the hepatic gland 

 and evacuated with the bile in the iutestines. As the bile acts upon the envelope 

 of the bacilli (hey are more easily absorbed by the liealthy intestinal membrane 

 aud thus reinfection may readily taUe place. 



The calcification of tuberculous lesions in bovine animals, Piettre ( Compt. 

 Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], IJ/S {1909), No. IJ,, pp. 95^-956) .—In bovines the cal- 

 cification of tuberculous lesions is not a sign of cure, and there is no relation 

 between the virulence and the degree of calcification. Any therapeutic method 

 based on the introduction of calcium salts into the economy is deemed illusory 

 and i)erhaps dangerous. 



What is the normal temperature of cattle? E. C. L. Miller {Amcr. Vet. 

 A'c/-.. ,35 (HJOU), No. 5, pp. 5o.',-55G). — Records kept of the temperature of 2,397 

 normal cattle between the age of 1 and 2* years have, even when kept under 

 favorable conditions, shown a variation from 101.0 to 103.4° F. The average 

 was 102.395°. 



Ceratitis enzootic in cattle, A. Fumagalli {Gior. R. Soc. ed Accad. Vet. 

 Itah, 57 (1908), No. IJ,, pp. 319-322; ahs. in Deut. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 17 

 (1909), No. 13, p. IS-',; Amcr. Vet. Rev., 35 {1909), No. 5, p. 594).— The author 

 observed cases in which the disease was transmitted from cattle to cattle and 

 to sheep and dogs by means of the ocular secretions. As a proi)hylactic meas- 

 ure the author i-ecommeuds the immediate separation of the liealthy from the 

 infected animals, and also disinfection and the destruction of flies. 



Echinocococcis of the heart of an ox, Huon and Conor {Compt. Rend. Soc. 

 Biol. [Paris], 66 {1909), No. 8, pp. 361, 362).— The author reports on a case of 

 this affection in a G-year-old ox which was killed at the Marseille abattoir. 



Follicular mange in cattle, Bugge {Berlin. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 25 {1909), 

 No. 28, pp. 522-52Ji; aJjs. in Vet. Rec., 22 {1909), No. 1100, p. 107).— The author 

 presents an account of studies made of several large herds of cattle in which fol- 

 licular mange was widely distributed. Tlie transmission of the disease appar- 

 ently took place bj^ means of grooming implements and by the cattle rubbing 

 each other. 



Bovine piroplasniosis in the vicinity of Alg'iers, H. Soulie aud (J. Roig 

 {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], UiS {1909), No. 1.',, pp. 952-95J,).—l\\ con- 

 tinuation of investigations previously noted (E. S. R., 20, p. 2S4), the authors 

 conclude from the morphological characters and its inoculability that the 

 Piroplasma which they have studied comes near to the Piroplasnia mntans de- 

 scribed by Theiler from the Transvaal aud to P. annulatiim described from 

 Transcaucnsia. 



Gastro-enteritis in hogs, A. T. Kinsley {Amcr. Vet. Rev., 35 {1909), No. 5, 

 pp. 576-578, fig. 1). — Young cockleburs {Xanthium canadense) just coming 

 through the ground are reported to have caused the death of 6 months' old 

 shoats in Missouri. Death was due to an acute gastro-enteritis. 



Contribution to the study of nodules of the liver of equines, C. Malerba 

 and P. Scacco {Clin. Vet. [Milan], Sez. Prat., 31 {1908), No. 51, pp. 8t8-82.'i, 

 fig. 1; ahs. in Jour. Trop. Vet. Sci., J, {1909), No. 3, pp. //7.'/-//7'7', fig. 1).—A 

 brief review is first given of the opinions concerning the cause of the calcareous 

 nodules of various sizes that occur in the liver of the horse. Tlie authors 

 consider that the eggs of Dlstoma lanceolatum act as foreign bodies, cause in- 

 flammation of the tissue, and become the centers of miliary nodular neoforma- 

 tions which later on become calcified. 



